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高考语法填空考察目标
1、阅读、理解语篇的能力;
2、分析句子结构的能力;
3、熟练运用语法,短语的能力。
高考语法填空题两类“空”:
第一类 给词空(5个左右)
1.谓语(时态、语态、数)2.非谓语(to do、doing、done) 3.词类转换(名、形、副)
第二类纯空格(5个左右) 冠、代、介、连、及一些副词
解题关键:1 把握大意;2 找关键词;
解题原则:既要符合语意,又要合乎语法!切忌:忽略文意,直奔题目!
给词空考点讲解:
考点一、谓语动词
1.The exam, which was originally to be held in our classroom, ____________ (change) to the library at the last minute.
2.They didn’t take many chances in their lives. They usually _______(follow) orders.
3.I had to leave work to take him to the hospital because he ______(break) his finger.
应试策略
括号内给出动词的原形,做题时首先找出句子的主干,确定主句,如果缺谓语,就要根据上下文语境和意思确定动词的数、时态和语态。
如果空格前是助动词(will, shall等)、情态动词(can, may, must等)或是动词加to的形式,则空格一定是 ________________ 。
谓语时态和语态的主要考点
1、考查在语境中判断动词的时态。常考的时态为:
现在: 一般现在、一般将来、现在进行、现在完成。
过去: 一般过去、过去进行、过去将来、过去完成。
2、时间、条件、等状语从句中动词的时态(主将从现) (if/unless /after/before/when等);
3、时态标志;
4、时态一致性原则;
5、上下文语境;
考点二、非谓语动词
1.Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely ____________(succeed).
2.I was afraid of ____________(catch) by the police, because there was no cop anywhere around.
3.With the problem _________(solve), I felt proud of my achievement.
应试策略
非谓语动词,包括V-ing形式、V-ed形式和动词不定式。 做题时确定所给出的词与其所修饰的词或其逻辑主语的关系。
如果与中心词是主动关系,一般用___________形式;
如果与中心词是被动关系,一般用____________形式;
如果表示将来,一般用______________。
考点三、词性转换
1.Most of the people in the town showed pity on him, but it was ________(use).
2.But a recent study saw things quite _________ (different).
3.The order in which they finished would decide the order of their ____________ (appear) in the Chinese calendar.
4…, so I’m very careful not to give out my __________(person) information.
应试策略
括号内给出单词的其他形式,通过分析句子结构,判断句子缺少什么成分(修饰什么词),再用正确的单词形式补充完整,该空同时考查同学们的单词拼写能力。
考点四、形容词或副词
1.One of the ________ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher, Ms Chen.
2.For a family of four, for example, it is more convenient as well as _______ (cheap) to sit comfortably at home,…
4.Many other actors are _____ (badly) off than me at present,…
应试策略
括号内给出形容词或副词,要根据上下文语境确定用原级、比较级还是最高级形式。
形容词修饰________和________;副词修饰_______,________,________和句子
It is/was +__________(+for/of sb) +to do
真题再现:2014全国
Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?
In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It __61____(be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it ____62____(actual)caught fire and burned. Now, ears later, this river is one of _63___most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.
But the river wasn’t changed in a few days __64____even a few months. It took years of work__65______(reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is___66_____(clean) than ever.
Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit __67___is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation ,don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?
While there are ___68_______(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the___69_______(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70 (patience).
Summary:
1.高考语法填空命题特点;
2.掌握空格词的基本填空方法;
3.突破语法填空中给词空格的正确判断,特别是谓语、非谓语及谓语时态和语态的正确判断。
Homework
语法填空专练:6;和8两篇 |
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