Unit 11 语法:间接引语(九年级)
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当我们引用别人的话语时,我们可以用别人的原话,也可以用自己的话把意思转述出来。如果引用别人的话时,被引用部分就称为直接引语,否则为间接引语。例如:
直接引语:He said, "I’ll be back next week."
间接引语:He said that he would be back the next week.
直接引语常用引号括起来,间接引语一般会构成一个宾语从句。
1)直接引语是陈述句时,改为间接引语时要注意以下四点:宾语从句常用连词that 引导(that可省略);根据意思改变人称;主从句中的谓语动词要一致;根据意思将指示代词(this, that, these, those),地点状语及时间状语作必要的变更。例如:
She said, "My sister will arrive here this weekend."
She said (that) her sister would arrive there that weekend.
2)在特殊情况下,有些地方不必变更。例如:
He said, "I will leave for Shanghai tomorrow."
如果是当天转述别人的话时,不需要更改tomorrow。
He said that he would leave for Shanghai tomorrow.
如果是已过了这个时间,后来再转述时,则必须更改时间。
He said that he would leave for Shanghai the next day.
3)在引用一个特殊疑问句(由what, which, when, where, why, how, how many, how much等引导的问句)时,除了注意人称,时态及时间状语地点状语的变更之外,还要特别注意特殊疑问句句中的语序,应该由疑问句语序改为陈述语序,即把主语放在谓语动词之前。例如:
He asked me, "Where is the nearest bank?"
= He asked me where the nearest bank was.
She asked, "What does he like?"
= She asked what he liked.
4)在引用一个一般疑问句(用yes或no回答的问句)时,选择疑问句及反意疑问句时,在引语前边加whether或if“是否”。例如:
My teacher asked me, "Do you go to school by bus?"
= My teacher asked me whether I go to school by bus.
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