【案例1】 《PEP小学英语》(供三年级起始用,三下第一单元) Unit1 Welcome Back To School 第一课时的内容,笔者没有按照教材,而是先将Let's learn 部分提前教学。将boy, girl放入一定的语段教学中进行学习。
其中,boy, girl, China, American, Canada用图片标识有助学生理解。 然后,请学生演一演自己喜欢的人物,并向同学们打招呼问好。 交互性的语言学习更利于学生习得新语言。再构的文本,以“小语段”的形式出现,让学生在理解的语境下习得新的单词、新的句型。通过整体呈现语段的形式,让学生有了连贯的语义了解,留在学生记忆中的不再是零散的单词或者句子,而是系统的、有条理的语义表达。 基于第一课时的教学,在第二课时Let's talk教学中,教师可设计先让学生自己用“I'm ... I'm a boy/girl. I'm from ...”进行自我介绍,让所学语言真正内化为自己的语言。 2. 巧用课本插图,再构新语言。 《PEP小学英语》教材的课本插图形象直观、生动活泼,使得教学内容更具趣味性。教师应根据教学需要,把握教材插图的教学意图及功能,恰如其分地利用课本插图来辅助教学,提高学生英语语言习得能力。 【案例2】 《PEP小学英语》四年级下册第四单元Unit 4 It's Warm Today 第一课时A Let's learn: T: Look at this picture, it's the weather report. Ss Say: This is the weather report. T: What's the weather like in Lhasa? T: It's ... S1: It's cool in Lhasa. T: What's the weather like in Beijing? S2: It's warm in Beijing. ... S3: It's hot in Hong Kong. S4: It's cold in Harbin. Ss look at this picture and talk with partners using "What's the weather like in ... It's ..." Then Ss say: It's cool in Lhasa. I can put on my sweater. I can put on my ... It's warm in Beijing. I can put on my ... It's cold in Harbin. I can put on my ... It's hot in Hong Kong. I can put on my ... 在第二课时,A Let's talk 中,教师也可利用插图,让学生有效地理解短文。 T: In picture 1, the weather is ... Mike can't put on his ... In picture 2, the weather is ... Mike ... In picture 3, the ... Mike ... 同时请学生用上面的话进行复述课文。有了插图的引导,使学生更加容易理解与内化本课语言,让本课目标真正落到实处。 3. 创设真实情境,提高语用价值。 著名语言学家Herbert. H. Clerk说:Language is used for doing things. 为激发学生的思维,必须创设一个贴近学生生活、学习经历等,能引起学生共鸣,让学生能够积极参与的语境。再构的文本要力求贴近学生的实际生活。在课堂教学中,无论是教学词汇还是句型,都应为学生提供真实、有趣的语用情景,培养学生在恰当的语境中用英语思维和表达的能力(任洁,2010)。 【案例3】 《PEP小学英语》四年级下册第六单元Unit 6 At A Farm第一课时A Let's learn: T: Can you remember the song "Old Macdonald"? Old Macdonald had a farm ... Let's listen and sing together. T and Ss listen and sing this song. T: Today, let's go to the Old Macdonald 's farm. Let's meet him. (农场图片)T: Wow, his farm is ...(农场上有……)What can you see in his farm? (一群ducks)S1: I can see many ducks. T: Say together. T and Ss: I can see .. .on Old Macdonald 's farm. T: How many ducks can you see? Let's count! T and Ss count together. T: Oh, Where are the other animals? Let's go and have a look. Go, go, go. T: Listen, "Moo ..." Who is coming? S2: 牛。 T: Yes, look, it's a cow. Ss: It's a cow. T: How many cows can you see in this picture? S3: I can see ... Ss say: I can see ... cows on Old Macdonald 's farm. T: Yes. They are cows. Ss: They are cows。 T and Ss say: The cows are on Old Macdonald 's farm. They are fat and lovely. Use the same way to teach other animal words. 真实、有趣的语段文本,不仅让枯燥的词汇、句型变得生动活泼,也启发了学生的思维,让学生在理解与情感中习得新知。 四、总结与思考 特级教师沈峰老师曾说:“课堂上不是说要学生配合你,而是你为学生做了什么。”在短短的四十分钟里,你让学生学到了多少?是几个单词,几个句子还是能让学生学会在生活中使用的语段学习。这对我们教师也提出了更高的要求。例如:每一单元中,我们必须熟知单元目标、课时目标,如何更有效地整合课文,让学生学得简单、学得丰富,这也加重了教师的备课工作量,让我们对文本的再构思考得更多。新课程倡导合理利用并共享资源。笔者希望能有更多的一线教师再构好的语段文本,以供大家参考。以上是笔者对小学中年级活化教材进行英语独立语段教学文本再构的探索。 参考文献:
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