If he studied harder, he might pass the exam.如果他在努力些,就能通过考试了。(事实:学习不用功) ②表示与过去事实相反的情况 从句谓语动词形式 | | Had+过去分词 | Should/would/could/might+have+过去分词 |
从句 | | | ①were If+主语 ② did ③were to do (①通常与一个表示时间状语连用)其 中were to do可能性最小, should+动词原形。 | If it rained tomorrow our picnic would be put off. 假如那天下雨,我们的郊游就推迟。 | 主句+should/would /might /could+动词原形 |
(条件)从句谓语动词形式 | | 谓语动词用过去式(be用were) | should/would/could/might+动词原形 |
eg If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。(事实:去晚了) If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。(事实:没有听我的话) ③表示对将来情况的主观推测(可能相反或可能性很小) eg: If he would come here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him. 如果他哪天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。(事实:来的可能性很小) If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪,我们就不能去滑冰了,(事实:不知能否下雪) If she were to be there next Monday, I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一来这儿的话,我就会告诉她这件事得始末。 四、虚拟语气的其他用法 1、虚拟语气用在wish 后的宾语从句 a、表示与现在事实相反的愿望,谓语动词用过去式 eg: I wish I had your brains.我希望我有你那样的头脑。(事实:我根本比不上你) b、表示过去事实相反的愿望,谓语动词:had+v-ed eg: I wish I had known the truth of the matter.我希望我原来知道这件事的真相。(事实:原来不知道) c、表示将来难以实现的愿望 谓语动词:should/would + 动词原形 eg: I wish I should have a chance again.很难再有这样的机会了。(事实:很难再有这样的机会了) ②虚拟语气用在suggest(建议)、insist(坚持)、demand(要求)、order(命令)等动词后的宾语从句中。 在这种用法中,无论主句谓语动词为何种时态,从句的谓语动词都用:“should + 动 词原形”或只用“动词原形”。 如 He suggested He insisted He demand that we (should) take the teacher’s advice He ordered
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