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一．重点单词
1．kiss(v./n.)→kisses亲吻
2. greet(v.)和...打招呼，迎接→ greetings(n.)招呼
3. relaxed(adj.)放松的→relaxing (adj.)令人放松的→relax(v.)放松
4. value(v./n.)价值→ valuable(adj)有价值的
5.passport (n.)护照→ pass(v.) 通过
6.blackboard(n.)黑板 →board (n.)木板
7. northern(adj.)北方的→north(n.) 北方
8. knock (v./n.) 敲击/敲击声→knocked/knocked
9. eastern(adj.)东方的 →east(n./adv.)东方/向东
10. manner(n.)方式，方法→manners (pl.)礼貌，礼节
11．empty(adj.)空的→full(反义词)满的
12．basic(adj.)基本的，基础的→base (n.)基础，基本
13．exchange(v./n.)交换→change(v./n.)改变
14. granddaughter (n.)孙女 →grandson(n.)孙子
15．behave(v.)→bahavior(n.) 行为，表现
16. except (prep.)除...外（不包括） →besides(prep.)除...外（包括）
17.suggestion(n.) →suggestions(pl.)→advice(n.)建议
二 重点短语
Section A
1. for the first time首次；初次
2. shake hands with sb. （与某人）握手
3. greet sb. the wrong way以错误的方式问候某人
4. hold out伸出（手等）
5. next time下次
6. a little late有点儿晚
7. find out发现；找出；查明
8. drop by顺便访问
9. get mad大动肝火，气愤
10. clean…off把……擦掉
11. take off脱下；起飞
12. make plans to do=plan to do计划做某事
13. arrive late迟到
14. eat wrong food吃错了食物
15. the welcome party欢迎会
16. to one’s surprise令某人惊讶的是
17. on both sides of my face在我的双颊上
18. be relaxed about time时间观念比较随意
19. make an effort to do sth.努力做某事
20.be worth doing 值得做某事
Section B
1. get out of one’s way特地；格外努力
2. make…feel at home使(某人)感到宾至如归
3. get/be used to doing sth.习惯做某事
4. be supposed to do sth.应该做某事
5. be expected to do sth.被期望做某事
6. invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事
7. at noon在正午
8. on time按时
9. as…as possible尽可能……
10 sth. be worth doing某事值得去做
11. go abroad出国
12. value the time珍惜时光
13. in our everyday lives在我们的日常生活中
14. walk around the town center在城镇中心走走
15. avoid doing sth.避免做某事
16.avoid heavy traffic避免交通拥挤
17. social situations社交礼仪
18. hit an empty bowl敲空碗
19. basic table manners基本餐桌礼仪
20. go out of their way to make me feel at home
尽力使我感到宾至如归
21. stick…into…把……插入……
22. thanks for…因……而感谢你
23.look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事
三重点句子
Section A
1. In your country, what are you supposed to do when you meet someone for the first time?
在你们国家，当你初次与某人见面时你应该做什么？
2. I just stood there with my hand out.
我只是伸着手站在那里。
3. I held out my hand and to my surprise, she kissed me on both sides of my face!
我伸出手，可让我吃惊的是，她居然亲吻了我的双颊！
4. Later I found out French people are supposed to kiss when they see each other.
后来我发现法国人见面时应该亲吻对方。
5. Where I’m from, we’re pretty relaxed about time.
在我们那个地方，我们的时间观念比较随意。
6. We don’t like to rush around, so we don’t mind if people are a little late sometimes.
我们不喜欢匆匆忙忙的，所以有时如果人们晚一会儿，我们也不介意。
7. We value the time we spend with our family and friends in our everyday lives.
我们珍惜在我们的日常生活中与家人、朋友一起共度的时光。
8. We often just walk around the town center, seeing as many of our friends as we can!我们经常只是在城镇中心走走，就能尽可能多地见到我们的朋友！
9. I always leave the house early to avoid heavy traffic because I think it’s impolite to keep others waiting.
我总是早早离开家以交通拥挤，因为我认为让别人等待是不礼貌的。
10. Also, we never visit a friend’s house without calling first.而且，我们也从不事先未打电话登门拜访朋友。
Section B
1. In many eastern European countries, you are expected to/ are supposed to take off your gloves before shaking hands.
在许多东欧国家，握手前你应该摘下手套。
2. In China, it’s impolite to use your chopsticks to hit an empty bowl.在中国，用筷子敲空碗是不礼貌的。
3. I was a bit nervous before I arrived here, but there was no reason to be.
我在到这里之前有点儿紧张，但那是没理由的。
4. My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table.
我最大的挑战是学习如何在餐桌上举止得体。
5. I have to say that I find it difficult to remember everything, but I’m gradually getting used to it.
我不得不说，我发现记住所有的事情是困难的，但是我正在逐渐习惯这些事情。
6. Have a safe trip, and I look forward to meeting you soon!一路平安，我希望很快见到你！
7. I find it difficult to remember everything , but I am gradually getting used to it.
我发现记住一切很难，但是我正在逐渐习惯它。
四重点知识点
Section A
1. You are supposed to shake hands.
suppose意思是“猜想；以为；假定”,但在具体的语言环境中意义不止于此,其用法如下：1) suppose + that 从句,表示“猜测；假定”.如：I suppose that you are right.我想你是对的.You can suppose that A equals B.你可以假定A等于B.
2) suppose +名词 / 代词 + to be...,表示“认为……是……”.如：Many people suppose him to be over 50.许多人认为他已经50多岁了.
3) 3) be supposed to 的用法 用法一：be supposed to...其中to是动词不定式符号,不是介词,其后要跟动词原形.当be supposed to...的主语是“人” 时,意为“应该…… ”；“被期望……”,它可以用来表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等,相当于情态动词should.如：Everyone is supposed to wear a seat-belt in the car.每个人在汽车里都应该系安全带.Teachers are supposed to treat all the students alike.老师应该对所有的学生一视同仁.
4) 用法二：当be supposed to...的主语是“物”时,它表示“本应；本该”,用于表示“某事本应该发生而没有发生”.如：The new laws are supposed to prevent crime.这些新法令本应该起到防止犯罪的作用.The train was supposed to arrive half an hour ago.火车本应在半小时之前到达.
5) 用法三：be supposed to后面接“have + 过去分词”时,表示“本应该做某事而没做”.如：You are supposed to have handed in your homework by now.现在你应该已经把作业交上来了.He is supposed to have arrived an hour ago.他应该一小时前就到了.
6) 用法四：be supposed to...的否定结构为be not supposed to...,它常用于口语中,意为“不被许可；不应当”.如：She was not supposed to be angry about that.她本不该为那件事而生气的.You are not supposed to smoke on the bus.你不应该在公共汽车上吸烟.
2. That’s how people in Japan are expected to greet each other.
greet =to welcome or say “hello” 动词 “问候，打招呼”
e.g. He greeted her by saying “good morning”.
他向她打招呼说 “早上好”。She greeted me with a friendly smile. 她向我微笑致意。
be expected to 有望做某事；被期待做
e.g. John is expected to come to the party tonight.约翰应该会出席今晚的宴会。
3. I held out my hand and to my surprise, she kissed me on both sides of my face!
to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是
e.g. To my surprise, they said okay. 令我惊讶的是，他们说可以。
kiss sb. on…= give sb. a kiss on…亲吻某人的……
e.g. She kissed the child on the forehead.
=She gave the child a kiss on the forehead.
她吻了孩子的额头。
4. Where I’m from, we are pretty relaxed about time.
在我们那个地方，我们的时间观念比较随意。
where用作连词，引导地点状语从句，说明主句行为发生的地点。
e.g. Remember to keep the kids where you can see them.
记住让孩子们待在你能看得见的地方。
relaxed adj. 放松的，自在的
be relaxed about … 对……感到放松
5. We value the time we spend with our family and friends in our everyday lives.
value v. 珍视，重视
e.g. I’ve always valued my teachers’ advice.
我一直很重视老师们所给的建议。
life n. 生活（可数名词）
e.g. Many people make different kinds of friends in their social lives.
许多人在他们的社交生活中结交了各种不同的朋友。
一些常用短语和表达，如live/ have/ lead a …life，常用life的单数形式。如:
She just wanted to live a quiet life.
她只想过平静的生活。
6. We often just drop by our friends’ homes.
drop by 顺便拜访，后面常接表示地点的名词。
e.g. Drop by my home this evening . 今晚到我家来谈谈。
drop in也可表示“顺便拜访”，如果后接人时，用介词on。
e.g. I just drop in on him for a chat.
我只是顺便来和他聊聊天。
7. In Switzerland, it’s very important to be on time.
该句中使用了句型“It’s + adj.+ to do sth.”，意为“做某事是……的”。it在句中作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语to do sth.。如：
It’s necessary to eat healthy food.
It’s + adj.+for sb. to do sth.
It’s + adj.+of sb. to do sth.
It’s + adj.+that 从句.
8.take off
★ take off可意为“脱下(衣服)”，与put on意思相反。如：
It’s hot in the room. Please take off your coat.
★ take off还可意为“(飞机等)起飞”，与land意思相反。如：
The plane will take off in an hour.
9.worth adj. 值（多少钱）; 相当于……的价值
e.g. This old computer is worth 300 dollars.
worth adj. ，还可意为“值得”，后接名词(短语)、代词或动词-ing形式，其中动词-ing形式是主动形式表示被动意义。另外，worth常用well修饰，表示“很值得”。
The new car cost a lot of money, but it’s certainly worth it.
The book is well worth reading.
The place is worth visiting.
The place is worth a visit.
Section B
1. I was a bit nervous before I arrived here, but there was no reason to be.
reason to do sth. 做某事的理由
no reason to do sth. 没有理由做……
e.g. The police have reason to believe that he is guilty.
警方有理由认定他有罪。
You have no reason to be nervous.
你没有理由这么紧张。
2. They go out of their way to make me feel at home.
go out of one’s way 特地；格外努力
e.g. John went out of his way to make his girl friend happy.
约翰想方设法使他的女朋友高兴。
make sb. feel at home 使某人感到宾至如归
e.g. I’m doing everything I can to make them feel at home.
我在尽我一切所能使他们感到宾至如归。
3. You wouldn’t believe how quickly my French has improved because of that.
You wouldn’t believe …常用句式，“你无法想象……；你想都想不到……；你绝不会相信……”，表示所陈述的事情超出想象之外。与此类似的表达还有You would never believe…或You would hardly believe…。例如：
You wouldn’t believe that he found his long-lost sister in Taiwan!
你绝对想不到他在台湾找到了失散多年的姐姐！
You would never believe what quick progress he’s made ever since he attended your class.
你根本无法想象，自从他听了您的讲课后进步有多大。
4. My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table.
learning how to behave at the table是现在分短语，在此用作句子的表语。再如：
His main hobby is fishing. 他的主要爱好是钓鱼。
The most important thing is getting there in time. 最重要的事是及时到达那里。
behave
【讲解】behave是不及物动词，意为“表现；行为”，behave well / badly表示“表现好/糟糕”。
e.g. The boy behaved very well last night.
★ behave as if / as though意为“表现得好像……”。如：
Bruce was a little boy, but he behaved as if / as though he was an adult.
★ behave oneself意为“表现得体；有礼貌”。如：
I hope Nicholas behaved himself at the party.
5. … but I’m gradually getting used to it. get used to 习惯于
e.g. We get used to this way of speaking,.
我们习惯了这种说话方式。
辨析：
① be/get used to sth./doing sth. 习惯于…
e.g. He got used to living in the country.
他习惯住在乡下。
② used to do sth. 过去常常做某事（现在不做了）
e.g. He used to plant roses.
他过去常常种植玫瑰。
6. Another example is that you’re not supposed to eat anything with your hand except bread, not even fruit.
except作介词，意为“除……之外”，和but意义相似，但语气上要比but更加强烈。
1) Everyone is here except him.
2) We have classes except Saturday and Sunday.
3) I can take a holiday at any time except in September.
4) He never came to visit except to borrow something.
5) He will do anything except lent you money.
书面表达（一）
1)英语书信的写法：
称呼Dear…， 左起顶格写。
正文换行，也要顶格写，是信的核心部分。因此要求正文层次分明、简单易懂。
祝福的话语，正文下换行，顶格写， 如: Best wishes! Take care! Happy New Year! Happy Birthday! 等。
结束语在正文下面的一、二行处，第一个词开头要大写，句末用逗号。结束语的写法Yours, Your loving…, Sincerely yours、Yours sincerely或Sincerely；在结尾语下面的署名必须亲自签名，也不加任何的标点符号。
2) Useful expressions:
有关文化礼仪的写作常用句型
You’re (not) supposed to….
You are expected to…
It’s polite/impolite to…
It’s important to…
You should….
3) an example:
Dear Tony,
You must be excited about coming to China soon. Let me give you some suggestions and advice about Chinese customs. When you are eating at the table, it’s impolite to start eating first if there are older people at the table. You should let them start first. When you are eating with chopsticks, it is impolite to point at other people with your chopsticks. It is also impolite to stick your chopsticks into the bowl of rice and leave them there.
In our house, you’re supposed to take off your shoes before you enter the house or just inside the front door. In our culture, we don’t usually hug or kiss people.
When you go out with people, you should tell the hostess where you are going, who you are going with and when you will come back. In our culture, the hostess will worry a lot about the safety of her guests, so a polite guest will always let her know these things.
Have a safe trip, and I look forward to meeting you soon!
Best wishes!
Yours
Xiao Wei
书面表达（二）
假如你是李明，你的英国笔友Mike给你写了一封信，请认真阅读并认真回复。
Dear Li Ming,
I am going to China as an exchange student this September. And I will spend the Middle-Autumn Festival with a Chinese family. Could you tell me something about the Middle-Autumn Festival? How do you celebrate it? How should I behave at the dinner table?
Write soon.
Mile
要求：
1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯。
2）必须回复所有问题，并适当发挥。
3）词数。（80--100词，开头和结尾不计入总词数）
4）不得使用真实姓名，人名和地名。
Dear Mike,
It’s fantastic that you will come to China and spend the Middle-Autumn Festival with a Chinese family.
The Middle-Autumn Festival, which is one important traditional festival in China, falls on August 15th of the lunar calendar every year. It is celebrated both in China and many other Asian countries. People believe that a full moon is the symbol of reunion and good luck. It is also a traditional custom to express best wishes to our beloved ones at this special time. On that day we usually go back home to have a family get-together, and we appreciate the beautiful moon,enjoying the typical food----the mooncake..
As a guest at a meal, one should be particular about his or her appearance.When helping yourself to the dishes, you should take food first from the plates in front of you rather than those in the middle of the table or in front of others. We Chinese all have a wonderful time at the festival.
Enjoy your stay in China.
Li Ming
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发表于 2020-9-6 00:53:26
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