【中考一轮教材】八年级(上) Units 3—4

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年级(上)Units 3—4

教材基础知识梳理

重 点[来源:学§科§网] 单 词		A.根据首字母提示写单词。 ★1.loudly adv.喧闹地；大声地；响亮地(2013百色79题) 2.quietly adv.轻声地；轻柔地；安静地 3.competition n．比赛；竞赛；竞争 ★4.though adv.不过；可是；然而 conj.虽然；尽管；不过[来源:学科网ZXXK] 5.necessary adj.必需的；必要的 6.laugh v．笑；发笑   n．笑声[来源:学§科§网] ★7.reach v．伸手；到达；抵达 8.touch v. 感动；触摸(2015百色81题) 9.fact n．现实；事实 10.worst adj.& adv.最差(的)；最坏(的)；最糟(的) 11.cheaply adv.便宜地；低廉地 12.choose v．选择；挑选 ★13.carefully adv.细致地；小心地，谨慎地(2017百色74题) 14.reporter n．记者 15.worse adj.& adv.更差(的)；更坏(的)；更糟(的)[来源:Z_xx_k.Com] 16.pretty adv.相当；十分；很 adj.漂亮的 17.winner n．获胜者；优胜者[来源:学科网ZXXK] ★18.everybody pron.每人；人人；所有人 ★19.seriously adv.严重地；严肃地；认真地
		B.根据汉语提示写单词。 20.__outgoing__ adj.爱交际的；友好的；外向的 ★21.__both__ adj.& pron.两个；两个都 ★22.__clearly__ adv.清楚地；清晰地；明白地 ★23.__win__ v．获胜；赢；赢得 24.__talented__ adj.有才能的；有才干的 25.__care__ v．在意；担忧；关心 26.__serious__ adj.严肃的；稳重的 27.__mirror__ n．镜子 ★28.__break__ v．(使)破；裂；碎；损坏 29.__loud__ adj.响亮的；大声的 30.__similar__ adj.相像的；类似的 ★31.__information__ n．信息；消息 32.__comfortable__ adj.使人舒服的；舒适的 33.__fresh__ adj.新鲜的；清新的 34.__comfortably____ adv.舒服地；舒适地 35.__creative__ adj.有创造力的；创造性的 ★36.__arm__ n．手臂；上肢 37.__share__ v．分享；共享；共用； 分摊 38.__theater__ n．戏院；剧场 ★39.__song____ n．歌；歌曲 40.__service__ n．接待；服务 41.__menu__ n．菜单 ★42.__prize__ n．奖；奖品；奖金
词 汇 拓 展	1.loud adj.→__loudly__ adv.喧闹地；大声地；响亮地 2.quiet adj.→__quietly__ adv.轻声地；轻柔地；安静地 3.compete v．→__competition__ n．比赛；竞赛；竞争 4.clear adj.→__clearly__ adv.清楚地；清晰地；明白地 5.win v．→__won__ (过去式/过去分词)获胜；赢；赢得 →__winner__ n．获胜者；优胜者 6.talent n．→__talented__ adj.有才能的；有才干的 7.true adj.→__truly__ adv.真正；确实 →__truth__ n．真相；事实 8.serious adj.→__seriously__ adv.严重地；严肃地；认真地 9.say v．→__saying__ n．谚语；格言；警句 10.break v．→__broke__ (过去式)(使)破；裂；碎；损坏 →__broken__ (过去分词) 11.comfortable adj.→__comfortably__ adv.舒服地；舒适地 12.bad/badly adj./adv.→__worse__(比较级)更差(的)；更坏(的)；更糟(的) →__worst__ (最高级)最差(的)；最坏(的)；最糟(的) 13.cheap adj.→__cheaply__ adv.便宜地；低廉地 14.choose v．→__chose__ (过去式)选择；挑选 →__chosen__ (过去分词) →__choice__ n．选择 15.careful adj.→__carefully__ adv.细致地；小心地；谨慎地 →__careless__ adj.粗心的 16.report v．& n．→__reporter__ n．记者 17.serve v．→__service__ n．接待；服务 18.create v．→__creative__ adj.有创造力的；创造性的 →__creativity__ n．创造力；独创性 →__creator__ n．创造者；创作者 →__creation__ n．创造；创作 19.perform v．→__performer__ n．表演者；演员 →__performance__ n．表演 20.magic n．& adj.→__magician__ n．魔术师 21.beautiful adj.→__beautifully__ adv.美好地；漂亮地 22.give v．→__gave__(过去式)提供；给 →__given__(过去分词)

重 点 短 语	1.__be__talented__in__ 在……方面有才能 2．__care__about__ 关心；在意 3．__as__long__as__ 只要；既然 4．__be__different__from__ 与……不同；与……有差异 5．__bring__out__ 使显现；使表现出 6．__the__same__as__ 和……相同；与……一致 7．__in__fact__ 确切地说；事实上；实际上 8．__be__similar__to__ 与……相像的、类似的 9．__primary__school__ 小学 10.so far __到目前为止；迄今为止__ 11．have…in common __有相同特征；(想法、兴趣等方面)相同__ 12．all kinds of __各种类型的；各种各样的__ 13．be up to __是……的职责；由……决定__ 14．play a role __发挥作用；有影响__ 15．make up __编造(故事、谎言等)__ 16．for example __例如__ 17．take…seriously __认真对待……__
重 点 句 型	1.Sam__has__ __longer__ hair than Tom.萨姆的头发比汤姆的长。 2．I think she sang__more__ __clearly__ than Nelly.我认为她比内莉唱得更清楚。 3．Are you__as__ __friendly__ __as__ your sister？你和你的妹妹一样友好吗？ 4．I'm __taller__ now __than__ I was two years ago.现在的我比两年前更高。 5．I think a good friend__makes__ __me__ __laugh__．我认为好朋友能够逗我发笑。 6．A good friend __is__ __like__ a mirror.好朋友像一面镜子。 7．__That's__ __why__ I like reading books and I study harder in class.那就是我喜欢读书而且在班上学习更加努力的原因。 8．I think friends are like books—you don't need a lot of them__as__ __long__ __as__ they're good.我认为朋友像书一样，不在多而贵在好。 9．However，Larry often helps to__bring__ __out__ the best in me.然而，拉里经常帮助我激发出自己最好的一面。 10．A true friend reaches for your hand and __touches__ __your__ __heart__．真正的朋友会在你需要时给你帮助，使你感动。 11．__In__ __fact__，she's funnier than anyone I know.事实上，她比我知道的任何人都更幽默。 12．I know she__cares__ __about__ me because she's always there to listen.我知道她关心我，因为她总是在那儿聆听。 13．Talent shows are getting__more__ __and__ __more__ __popular__．才艺表演(节目)变得越来越流行。 14．That's __up__ __to__ you to decide.那由你来决定。 15．When people watch the show，they usually __play__ __a__ __role__ in deciding the winner.当人们在观看表演的时候，他们通常在决定胜利者方面起着重要作用。 16．Some think that the lives of the performers are__made__ __up__．有的人认为那些表演者的生活经历是编造的。 17．However，if you don't __take__ these shows too __seriously__，they are fun __to__ __watch__．然而，假如你不把这些节目太当真，它们还是有看头的。
交 际 用 语	◇作对比： 1．—Is Tom smarter than Sam？汤姆比萨姆聪明吗？ —No，he isn't.Sam is smarter than Tom.不，他不是。萨姆比汤姆聪明。 2．—Does Tara work as hard as Tina? 塔拉和蒂娜一样努力工作吗？ —Yes，she does.是的，她是。 3．—Who is smarter，your mother or your father？你的妈妈和爸爸谁更聪明？ —I think my mother is smarter than my father.我认为我的妈妈比我的爸爸聪明。 4．—What's the best movie theater to go to? 最好的电影院是哪一家？ —Town Cinema.It's the closest to home.And you can buy
	tickets the most quickly there.城镇电影院。它离家最近，并且你可以最快地买到票。 5．—Which is the worst clothes store in town？镇上最差的服装店是哪一家？ —Dream Clothes.It's worse than Blue Moon.It has the worst service.梦想服装店。它比蓝月亮(服装店)还要差。它的服务是最糟糕的。 ◇询问对方的看法： 6．—How do you like it so far? 到目前为止，你认为它怎么样？ —It's fantastic.好极了。 7．—What do you think of 970 AM？你认为970调频节目怎么样？ —I think 970 AM is pretty bad.It has the worst music.我认为970调频节目相当糟糕。它播放最糟糕的音乐。
语 法	1.形容词和副词的比较级(详见第二编P138) 2.形容词和副词的最高级(详见第二编P138)
话 题	Unit 3 Personal traits(个人特征) ★Unit 4 Your town(你的城镇)

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教材重难点讲解

both adj.& pron.两个；两个都(教材八

上P17)

【辨析】(1)both与all

both与all均有“都”的意思。可作主语，也可作定语修饰名词的复数形式。但both表示“两者都”，其反义词是neither；而all表示“三者或三者以上都”，其反义词是none。如：

The two dogs are both barking.这两只狗都在叫。

The five boys are all playing basketball.这五个男孩都在打篮球。

(2)both…and…，either…or…与neither…nor…

词汇	用法
both…and…	意为“……和……都；既……又……”，通常用来连接两个并列的句子成分，连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如： Both John and David are from America.约翰和大卫都来自美国。
either…or…	表示“两者中的任何一个”，当连接两个并列的成分作句子主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。如： Either you or I am right.要么是你对了，要么是我对了。
neither…nor…	表示“两者都不……”，当连接两个并列的成分作句子主语时，谓语动词也遵循就近原则。如： Neither Ann nor Jenny likes the movie.安和珍妮都不喜欢这部电影。

选择填空。

(C)1.(文化信息题)The Sun Yat­sen Mausoleum(中山陵) is not far from Xuanwu Lake(玄武湖)．You can visit ________ in a day.

A．each  B．none  C．both  D．neither

(C)2.(2018云南蒙自二模)—Were your brother and sister at home yesterday，Victor?

—No，we ________ went to the park for a picnic.

A．both  B．neither

C．all  D．none

(D)3.(2018桂平二模)—Have you watched the latest TV program Running Man(《奔跑吧，兄弟》)?

—Of course! It's popular with ________ the young ________ the old.

A．either；or  B．not；but

C．neither；nor  D．both；and

(D)4.(2018黔南中考)______ my friends ______ I like playing computer games because we think it wastes time.

A．Both；and  B．Not only；but also

C．Either；or  D．Neither；nor

win v．获胜；赢；赢得(教材八上P18)

【辨析】win与beat

单词	过去式及 过去分词	含义	用法
win	won；won	赢；获胜	win＋sth.(game/match/prize/war)
beat	beat；beaten	打败；战胜	beat＋sb./a team

We won the game at last.我们最终赢得了比赛。

Yesterday I beat him at chess.昨天我下象棋赢了他。

选择填空。

(B)1.(热点题)Belgium(比利时)________ England in the 2018 FIFA World Cup.

A．won  B．beat  C．lost  D．failed

(C)2.(2019预测)Linda ________ the first prize in dancing competition，so she was very happy.

A．lost  B．failed  C．won  D．beat

I am more outgoing than my sister.我比我的妹妹外向。(教材八上P17)

【点拨】形容词、副词比较级用来比较两个人或物。比较级的句式结构：“主语＋谓语(系动词)＋比较级＋than＋对比成分”，表示“……比……更……”。比较级的构成一般在词尾加­er。比较级之前可以用much，far，a bit，a little，even，still等词修饰，用以加强语气。

选择填空。

(B)1.(2018玉林中考)—Lisa，how is your cousin?

—He is ________ now.Thank you.

A．more healthier  B．much healthier

C．very healthier  D．healthiest

(B)2.(2018泸州中考)We are happy to see our city is developing ________ these years than before.

A．quickly  B．more quickly

C．very quickly  D．the most quickly

Tara works as hard as Tina.塔拉和蒂娜学习一样努力。(教材八上P18)

【点拨】同级比较的句型用法如下：

情形	句型	含义	例句
当被比较的双方在性质、特征、程度等方面相同时	as＋形容词/副词原级＋as…	前者和 后者一样	Tom is as tall as Jack.汤姆和杰克一样高。
当被比较的双方在性质、特征、程度等方面不相同时	not so/as＋形容词/副词原级＋as…	前者不 如后者	Kate doesn't run so/as fast as Mary.凯特不如玛丽跑得快。

【拓展】(1)表示A是B的多少倍时，用“A＋be动词＋倍数＋as＋形容词原级＋as＋B”结构。如：

This building is four times as high as that one.这栋楼是那栋楼的四倍高。

(2)原级比较的否定式可以和比较级互换。如：

This book isn't as interesting as that one.＝That book is more interesting than this one.这本书不如那本书有趣。/那本书比这本书更有趣。

选择填空。

(A)1.(2018重庆中考B卷)My math teacher lives an active life.She looks as________ as she was ten years ago.

A．young  B．younger

C．the youngest  D．youngest

(B)2.(新信息题)—Did Cai Xukun win the first place in the TV show Idol Producer(《偶像练习生》)?

—Yes，no one did so ________ as him.

A．good  B．well  C．better  D．best

What's the best movie theater？最好的电影院是哪家？(教材八上P25)

【点拨】形容词和副词的最高级表示三者或三者以上(人或事物)中某方面的程度最高。常与in 短语或of/among短语连用，说明比较的范围。常用结构：

the＋最高级in ＋集体单数

of/among＋名词复数

如：He is the tallestin our class.

of/among our boys.

用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．I have many foreign friends.Vera is __the__most__outgoing__(outgoing) one of them.

2．Who does homework__the__most__carefully__(carefully) in your class?

一、根据首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。

1．(2018桂平二模76题)He walked into the bedroom __quietly__(轻声地)．

2．(2017河池78题)I can't hear you __clearly__(清晰地)．Speak loudly，please.

3．(2016北海71题)Unluckily，Nick broke his left __arm__ (手臂) yesterday.

4．(2015河池77题)You'd better __share__(分享) the good news with your friends.

5．(2015百色81题)The head teacher should stay in touch with parents more often.

6．(2015桂林89题)It isn't necessary for you to bring so many things.It's only a twoday journey.

二、选择填空。

(A)1.(2018重庆中考A卷)I can't hear the teacher________ with so much noise outside.

A．clearly  B．slowly

C．warmly  D．bravely

(B)2.(2018长春中考)Dumplings are very delicious.________ of my parents like them.

A．All  B．Both  C．None  D．Neither

(A)3.(2017宜昌中考)—What do you think is

important for the players on a team?

—It's to play together and ________ the best in each other.

A．bring out  B．look up

C．believe in  D．blow out

(D)4.(2018南充中考)—I think that Eric writes as ________ as Betty.

—So he does.

A．more careful  B．more carefully

C．most carefully  D．carefully

(D)5.(2018百色模拟)The actress is already 50，but she looks ________ than she really is.

A．young  B．more young

C．more younger  D．much younger

(D)6.(原创题)Taipei 101 is one of ________

buildings in the world.

A．tall  B．taller

C．tallest  D．the tallest

(B)7.(2019预测)We will certainly enter a good high school ________ we work hard.

A．as soon as  B．as long as

C．as far as  D．even if