【中考一轮教材】八年级(上)Units 7—8

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年级(上)Units 7—8

教材基础知识梳理

重 点 单 词	A.根据首字母提示写单词。 ★1.pollution n．污染；污染物 ★2.future n．将来；未来　[来源:学科网] 3.build v．建筑；建造[来源:Zxxk.Com] ★4.already adv.已经；早已(2016百色83题) 5.believe v．相信；认为有可能 6.disagree v．不同意；持不同意见；有分歧 7.shape n．形状；外形 ★8.fall v．& n．倒塌；跌倒；掉落 n.(美式)秋天 9.add v．增加；添加 ★10.finally adv.最后；最终 11.machine n．机器；机械装置 12.salt n．食盐　 13.sugar n．食糖　[来源:Zxxk.Com] 14.dig v．掘(地)；凿(洞)；挖(土) 15.piece n．片；块；段 16.traveler n．漂泊者；旅行者；游客 ★17.celebrate v．庆祝；庆贺 18.fill v．(使)充满；装满 19.cover v．遮盖；覆盖[来源:Z|xx|k.Com][来源:学科网ZXXK] n.覆盖物；盖子 ★20.serve v．接待；服务；提供 21.temperature n．温度；气温；体温
	B.根据汉语提示写单词。 ★22.__paper__ n．纸；纸张 23.__pollute__v．污染 ★24.__environment__ n．环境(2013百色85题) 25.__planet__ n．行星 26.__earth__ n．地球；世界 27.__plant__ v．种植 n.植物 28.__peace__ n．和平 29.__space__ n．太空；空间 ★30.__dangerous__ adj.有危险的；不安全的 31.__factory__ n．工厂 ★32.__possible__ adj.可能存在或发生的；可能的 ★33.__impossible__ adj.不可能存在或发生的；不可能的 ★34.__holiday__ n．假期；假日 35.__shake__ n．& v．摇动；抖动 36.__pour__ v．倒出；倾倒 37.__honey__ n．蜂蜜 38.__hole__ n．洞；孔；坑 ★39.__traditional__ adj.传统的；惯 例的 ★40.__autumn__ n．秋天；秋季 41.__mix____ n．混合配料 v.(使)混合；融合 42.__plate__ n．盘子；碟子
词 汇 拓 展	1.pollute v．→__pollution__ n．污染；污染物 2.environment n．→__environmental__ adj.自然环境的；有关环境的 3.peace n．→__peaceful__ adj.和平的；安宁的 4.build v．→__built__(过去式/过去分词)建筑；建造 →__building__ n．建筑物 5.dangerous adj.→__danger__ n．危险 6.factory n．→__factories__ pl.工厂 7.agree v．→__disagree__(反义词)不同意；持不同意见；有分歧 →__disagreement__ n．意见不一；分歧；争论 →__agreement__ n．同意；一致 8.fall v．→__fell__(过去式)倒塌；跌倒；掉落 →__fallen__(过去分词) 9.possible adj.→__possibly__ adv.可能；或许 →__impossible__(反义词)不可能存在或发生的；不可能的 10.final adj.→__finally__ adv.最后；最终 11.salt n．→__salty__ adj.咸的 12.traditional adj.→__tradition__ n．传统 13.travel v．→__travel(l)er__ n．漂泊者；旅行者；游客 14.celebrate v．→__celebration__ n．庆祝；庆祝会
重 点 短 语	1.__live__to__be__200__years__old__ 活到200岁 2.__free/spare__time__ 空闲时间 3.__play__a__part__ 参与；发挥作用 4.__in__the__future__ 将来 5.__space__station__ 太空站；宇宙空间站 6.__over__and__over__again__ 多次；反复地 7.__get__bored__ 感到厌恶 8.__disagree__with__ 不同意；反对 9.__hundreds__of__ 许多；大量 10.fall down__突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌__ 11.look for__寻找；寻求__ 12.milk shake__奶昔__ 13.turn on__接通(电流、煤气、水等)；打开__ 14.pour…into__把……倒入__ 15.one more thing__还有一件事__ 16.a piece of__一片；一张；一块__ 17.fill…with…__用……填满__ 18.cover…with…__用……覆盖__
重 点 句 型	1.__Will__ people __have__ robots？人们会拥有机器人吗？ 2．People will __live__ __to__ __be__ 200 years old.人们将活到200岁。 3．There will be __more__ pollution.污染将更多。 4．There will be__fewer__ trees.树木将更少。 5．There will be__less__ free time.空闲时间将更少。 6．__What__ __will__ the future __be__ __like__？未来会是什么样子？ 7．Everyone should__play__ __a__ __part__ __in__ saving the earth.每一个人都应当尽一份力来拯救地球。 8．Today there are__already__ robots __working__ in factories.现在已经有机器人在工厂里干活了。 9．__Fewer__ people will do such jobs in the future because they are __boring__，but robots will never __get__ __bored__．在将来将会有更少的人做这样的工作，因为它们很枯燥，但是机器人却从不感到厌烦。 10．If buildings __fall__ __down__ with people inside，these snake robots can help __look__ __for__ people under the buildings.如果建筑物倒塌，里面有人的话，这些蛇形机器人可以帮助寻找废墟下面的人。 11．We never know__what__ __will__ __happen__ in the future！我们从来不知道未来将会发生什么！ 12．__How__ __many__ bananas do we need？我们需要几个香蕉？ 13．__How__ __much__ yogurt do we need？我们需要多少酸奶？ 14．Then，__add__ the cabbage，tomatoes and onion and cook for __another__ 10 minutes.然后，加入卷心菜、西红柿和洋葱，再煮上10分钟。 15．Finally，__don't__ __forget__ __to__ add some salt.最后，不要忘了加一些盐。 16．Now，__it's__ __time__ to __enjoy__ the rice noodles！现在是品尝米线的时候啦！
交 际 用 语	◇做出预测： 1．—Do you think there will be robots in people's homes？你认为在人们的家里将会有机器人吗？ —Yes，there will.I think every home will have a robot.是的。我认为每家都会有一个机器人。 2．—Will people use money in 100 years？100年后人们会使用钱吗？ —No，they won't.Everything will be free.不会。所有的东西都将是免费的。 3．—What will the future be like？未来会是什么样子？ —Cities will be more polluted.And there will be fewer trees.城市污染更重。而且树会更少。 ◇描述过程和遵循指示： 4．—How do you make a banana milk shake？你怎样制作香蕉奶昔？ —First，peel the bananas.Next，put the bananas in the blender.Then，pour the milk into the blender.Finally，turn on the blender.首先，剥香蕉皮。接着，把香蕉放入搅拌器。然后，把牛奶倒入搅拌器。最后，打开搅拌器。
语 法	1.一般将来时(will)(详见第二编P148) 2．可数名词和不可数名词(详见第二编P114) 3.祈使句Ⅱ(详见第二编P160) 4．how much 和how many引导的特殊疑问句
话 题	★Unit 7 Life in the future(未来的生活) Unit 8 Cooking(烹饪)

教材重难点讲解

agree v．同意；赞成；应允(教材八上P53)

【点拨】其具体用法如下：

用法	含义	例句
agree with sb./one's opinions/decisions/what sb.said	同意某人(的意见或决定/所说的)	I quite agree with you.我完全同意你的意见。 We agree with what you said.我们同意你的说法。
agree to sth.(to为介词)	同意某一计划、建议等	She agreed to the plan.她同意了这个计划。
agree to do sth.(to为不定式符号)	同意做某事	They agreed to leave early.他们同意早点出发。
agree on sth.	(双方协商后)在某方面意见一致	Can we agree on a price/date？我们能不能商定一个价格/日期？
agree＋that从句	同意……	We all agree that Li Ming is the best person to join in the competition.我们都同意李明是参加这次比赛的最佳人选。
注：(1)agree的名词形式为agreement，反义词为disagree。 (2)I couldn't agree more.＝I completely agree.我完全同意。

选择填空。

(C)1.We all ______ Laura about building a museum here.

A．waited for  B．handed in

C．agreed with  D．knocked at

(D)2.They agree ________ the old people do some housework on weekends.

A．help  B．helps  C．helping  D．to help

fill v．(使)充满；装满(教材八上P61)

【辨析】fill与full

单词	词性	含义	搭配
fill	动词	(使)充满；装满	fill…with…用……填满(动作) be filled with…被……充满(状态)
full	形容词	满的；充满的；满是……的	be full of…充满……(状态)

用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．The room was__filled__(fill) with smoke.

选择填空。

(C)2.After the book came out，I found it ________ mistakes.

A．fill of  B．fill with

C．full of  D．full with

hundreds of 许多；大量(教材八上P53)

【点拨】hundred是一个确数，表示“一百”，其具体用法如下：

搭配	用法	例句
数字＋ hundred	hundred与基数词连用时，用单数形式，表示具体数目	There are two hundred students on the playground.操场上有两百名学生。
hundreds of	hundred与of连用时，常用复数形式，表示概数，意为“数百；成百上千”	Hundreds of people are dancing in the park now.现在数百人在公园里跳舞。
注：与hundred用法相同的还有thousand，million和billion

选择填空。

(C)1.(2018百色一模)There are ________ people in the zoo on Children's Day.

A．one hundreds  B．two hundreds of

C．hundreds of  D．hundred of

(D)2.(2018重庆中考A卷)________ visitors came to take photos of Hongyadong during the vacation.

A．Thousand  B．Thousand of

C．Thousands  D．Thousands of

turn on 接通(电流、煤气、水等)；打开(教材八上P57)

【辨析】turn on，turn off，turn up与turn down

短语	含义	例句
turn on	打开；接通(电流、煤气、水等)	I want to watch the football game.Can I turn on the TV？我想看足球赛。我能打开电视吗？
turn off	关掉；截断(电流、煤气、水等)	You should turn off the light when you go to bed.你应当在睡觉时关灯。
turn up	开大；调高(音量、热量等)	I can't hear the radio clearly.Could you turn it up a bit？我听不太清楚。你能把收音机声音开大点儿吗？
turn down	关小；把……调小；拒绝	Would you mind if I turn down the music？你介意我把音乐关小点儿吗？

注意：turn on等由“动词＋副词”构成的短语，当由代词作宾语时，需把代词放在动词和副词之间。

选择填空。

(C)1.(2018百色适应性考试)Please ________ the lights when you leave your room.

A．turn up  B．turn on

C．turn off  D．turn down

(B)2.(2018泸州中考)—The baby is sleeping.Please ________ the radio.

—Sorry，I'll do it right now.

A．turn up  B．turn down

C．turn on  D．turn over

(A)3.(2019预测)I want to watch GIVE ME FIVE(《高能少年团》)．Would you please ________ the TV?

A．turn on  B．turn off

C．turn up  D．turn down

(C)4.(易错题)Please ________ the TV.I can't hear it clearly.

A．turn off  B．turn on

C．turn up  D．turn down

There will be fewer people.将会有更少的人。(教材八上P50)

【辨析】fewer，less与 more

单词	含义	用法	例句
fewer	更少	few的比较级，修饰可数名词复数	There will be fewer trees.将会有更少的树木。
less		little的比较级，修饰不可数名词	We can use less water.我们可以用更少的水。
more	更多	many/much的比较级，既可以修饰可数名词复数，也可以修饰不可数名词	There will be more cars in the city.城市里将会有更多的小汽车。

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选择填空。

(C)1.In the future，there will be ________ clear water in the lake if we don't pay ________ attention to environmental protection in this area.

A．fewer；more  B．fewer；less

C．less；more  D．more；fewer

(A)2.(2018百色模拟)There will be ________cars in the city because people will prefer the subway.

A．fewer  B．less  C．more  D．little



一、根据首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。

1．Many people __plant__(种植) trees on March 12th every year.

2．(2018北部湾79题)Mid­Autumn Day is a __traditional__(传统的) festival in China.

3．(2017来宾82题)It's __impossible____(不可能的)for them to finish the work in such a short time.

4．(2017柳州77题)People all over the world __celebrate__(庆祝) the New Year.

5．(2016贵港80题)Could you help me __pour__(倒出) some orange juice into the glass?

6．(2016百色83题)I have already read the novel the Adventures of Tom Sawyer twice.

二、选择填空。

(A)1.(2018温州中考)I've ordered some flowers for grandma and they will arrive ________ two hours.

A．in  B．after  C．over  D．for

(B)2.(2018宜昌中考)—Believe it or not，a pig from South Africa started painting several months ago.

—Anything is ________.

A．lively  B．possible

C．valuable  D．personal

(C)3.(2018天水中考)There ________ great

changes in Tianshui in next ten years.

A．are  B．were

C．will be  D．are going to have

(B)4.(2018荆州中考)—Kids often feel better in a happy family.

—That's true.A happy family provides a loving ________ for its children.

A．expression  B．environment

C．encouragement  D．development

(C)5.(2018东营中考)—It is said that children

in South Korea have to hike and walk through mountains at night ________ their military(军事的) training.

—Really? So their training is much harder than ours.

A．after  B．since

C．during  D．before

(D)6.(2018东营中考)—Look，how wonderful this papercutting is!

—So it is.Paper cutting is a/an ________ Chinese art with a long history.

A．common  B．modern

C．important  D．traditional

(A)7.(2017来宾中考)If we want to be thinner and healthier，we should eat ________ food and take ________ exercise.

A．less；more  B．more；less

C．more；fewer  D．fewer；more

(B)8.( 2017百色中考 )We can see ________

people playing in the park.

A．two hundreds of  B．hundreds of

C．hundred of  D．two hundreds