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人教版八年级上Unit2知识点学案
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2020-9-1 01:54
标题:
人教版八年级上Unit2知识点学案
Unit 2 How often do you exercise?
Section A
1.hardly adv.“几乎不；几乎没有”的用法
hardly为否定副词，一般位于行为动词前，be动词、助动词、情态动词后，常用来修饰表示能力的词。
eg:She could hardly see anything.
注：在反意疑问句中，当陈述部分含有hardly,never,few,little等否定词时，则句子为否定句，变成反意疑问句时，要用肯定形式来反问。
eg:He hardly has any money left,does he?
练习：
( )1.He can hardly swim,______ ?
A.isn’t he B.doesn’t he C.can’t he D.can he
( )2.Maybe I have heard of the story before,but I can _____ remember it.
A.easily B.really C.mostly D.hardly
( )3.I _____ drink milk.I dislike it at all.
A.hardly ever B.always C.often D.sometimes
( )4.There is hardly any milk in the bottle,_______ ?
A.is there B.isn’t there C.is it D.isn’t it
( )5.I like English very much,so I _____ read English in the morning.
A.usually B.hardly ever C.never D.don’t
( )6.It’s raining _____ ,so he can _____ walk any more.
A.hard;hard B.hardly;hardly C.hard;hardly D.hardly;hard
2.ever adv.“在任何时候；在某时；从来；曾经”的用法
⑴意为“在任何时候；在某时；从来”时，通常用于否定句、疑问句、比较结构或与if连用的句子中。
eg:①Nothing ever happens here.
②It was raining harder than ever.
③If you’re ever in Wuhan,come and see me.
⑵意为“曾经”时，常用在疑问句中的完成时态。
eg:Have you ever been to New York City?
短语：
for ever(=forever)永远
练习：
( )1.He was tired that he could _____ keep his eyes open.
A.ever B.never C.hardly D.almost
( )2.I like English very much,so I _____ listen to the tape in the morning.
A.usually B.hardly ever C.never D.hardly
( )3.My grandpa ____ goes to the hospital.He’s always in good health.
A.sometimes B.ever C.never D.usually
( )4.David was so excited at the good news that he could _____ say a word.
A.nearly B.hard C.ever D.hardly
2.maybe adv.“大概；或许；可能”常位于句首，也可置于句中。
eg:I think maybe you’re right.
区别：maybe,may be
⑴maybe为副词，在句中作状语。
⑵may be为动词短语，在句中谓语，意为“可能是”。
eg:①She may be a teacher.
②Maybe she is a teacher.
练习：
( )1.She _____ at home now.A.may B.may be C.may is D.maybe
( )2.It’s past the appointed(约定的)time._____ he isn’t coming.A.Maybe B.May be C.Can be D.Must be
( )3.—Is this blue bag yours? —No._____ it is ______ .She has a blue bag.
A.Maybe;Jane’s B.May be;Jane C.Maybe;Jane D.May be;Jane’s
3.频率副词的用
区别：always;usually;often;sometimes;hardly;never
⑴always“一直；总是”(=all the time)表示动作或状态从来没有间断过。100%。
⑵usually“通常”很少有例外。80%。
⑶often“常常”不如usually那么频繁。60%。
⑷sometimes“有时”表示动作偶尔发生。位置较灵活。40%。
⑸hardly“几乎不；几乎没有”20%。
⑹never“从来不；从来没有”0%。
练习：
( )1.—Zhang Lili,”the most beautiful teacher”,has moved us deeply.
—Yes,and she is _____ popular with her students.A.sometimes B.never C.always D.hardly
( )2.I usually go to school on foot.I _____ ride my bike to school.A.never B.always C.sometimes D.often
( )3.I like playing soccer very much,so I ___ play it after school.A.hardly B.hardly ever C.never D.usually
( )4.The sun _____ rises in the east and sets in the west.A.usually B.often C.hardly ever D.always
( )5.He always gets up at five o’clock.He’s _____ late.A.usually B.often C.never D.sometimes
4.on weekends(=on the weekend)“在周末”为固定短语，常用于一般现在时。
区别：on,in,at表示时间
⑴on表示在某(些)天或某(些)天的某个时候，如某天的上午、下午、晚上等。
eg
n June 1st;on Monday morning
⑵in表示在一段时间之内。也可用于习惯表达，泛指一天的上午、下午或晚上。
eg:in August;in the morning
⑶at表示某一具体时刻，也可表示多少岁，还可用在某些表示时间的固定短语中。
eg:at nine o’clock;at 12 (years old);at noon
练习：
( )1.—Look!There are so many people in the park. —Nobody likes to stay at home _____ Sunday morning.
A.in B.on C.at D.to
( )2.He always does his homework ______ Sunday morning.A.in B.on C.at D.for
( )3.What does Jim usually do _____ weekends?A.in B.to C.for D.on
( )4.—What does she do on _______ ? —She often goes to the movies.
A.every week B.a week C.weekend D.weekends
5.how短语的提问
⑴how often“多久一次”最频率副词提问。
⑵how soon“过多久；多久之后”对将来时间提问。
⑶how long“多长时间”对时间段或物体长度提问。
⑷how old“多大”对年龄提问。
⑸how many“多少”对可数名词复数的数量提问。
⑹how much“多少”对不可数名词数量提问。
练习：
( )1.—_____ do you go for a trip with your family? —About once a year.
A.How often B.How soon C.How much D.How long
( )2.—______ do you go to the movies? —Once a month.
A.How long B.How often C.How soon D.How much
( )3.—How long are you going to stay there?
—__________ .
A.In five days B.For five days C.Since five days ago D.Five days ago
( )4.—______ does your uncle play sports? —Once a month.
A.How long B.How soon C.How many D.How often
( )5.—How many times have you been to Beijing? —________ .
A.Third B.Three times C.Three times a week D.A week three times
( )6._____ milk do you drink?A.How many B.How much C.How often D.How soon
6.How come?“怎么可能？”既可独立使用，也可接陈述语序的句子，用来询问事情的缘由或状况。
eg:①—I feel terrible. —How come?
②How come Tom’s home?Isn’t she feeling well?
练习：
( )1.—Lucy didn’t pass the exam. —_______ She always works hard.
A.Come on. B.Well done. C.How come? D.Why not?
7.What kind of+n.(不可数)/ns.(可复)？“什么样的……”常用来询问某物的种类或类型。
a kind of一种……
two kinds of两种……
all kinds of各种各样的……
eg:What kind of sports do you like?
注：kind of“有点儿，有几分”后常接形容词。
eg:That made me feel kind of tired.
练习：
( )1.There are all ______ books in the library.A.kind B.kind of C.kinds of D.a kind
( )2.—Why do you feel _____ nervous(紧张的)in the zoo?
—Because there are many ______ dangerous animals in it.
A.kinds of;kind of B.kind of;kinds of C.kinds of;kinds of D.kind of;kind of
( )3.There are all _____ books in the library.A.kind B.kind of C.kinds of D.a kind
8.help的用法
⑴作n时，[U]“帮助”[单]“帮手；帮忙者；有助益的事物”
eg:①Thank you for all your kind help. ②Her advice is a great help.
⑵作动词时，“帮助”
sb. (with sth.)帮助某人(做某事)
help (to)do sth.帮助做某事
sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事
can’t help to do不能帮忙做某事
can’t help doing情不自禁做某事
eg:①I often help my mother with housework.(=I often help my mother to do housework.)
②She was coming to help clean the machine.
练习：
( )1.Tom often helps Mary _____ the bike.
A.mends B.mending C.to mend D.mended
( )2.—What do you want to be?
—An actor.But my parents _____ me to be a doctors.
A.help B.want C.make D.have
( )3.Ann often helps me _____ math after school.
A.for B.with C.on D.by
( )4.My teacher always helps me ___ my English.____ her help I have caught up with the class.
A.with;Under B.with;With C.of;Under D.of;With
9.区别：sometimes,some times,sometime,some time
⑴sometimes“有时，不时”表示频率
⑵some times“几次”表示次数。
⑶sometime“(过去或将来的)某个时候”表示时间点。
⑷some time“一段时间”表示时间段，常与介词for连用。
eg:①I sometimes have to work late.
②I have called you up some times this morning.
③I’ll visit you sometime next month.
④I waited for Mary for some time.
练习：
( )1.My mother _____ goes to work by taxi.
A.sometime B.some time C.sometimes D.some times
( )2.He _____ goes shopping with his wife.
A.sometime B.sometimes C.some time D.some times
( )3.Mary plays football every Sunday,______ a week.
A.once B.twice C.sometimes D.every two days
Section B
1.health n.[n]“健康；人的身体(或精神)状态”的用法(—healthy adj“健康的”.—healthily adj“健康地”)
短语：
be in good/poor health健康状况良好/不好
练习：
( )1.You should eat _____ food and look after your ______ .
A.healthy;healthy B.health;health C.healthy;health D.health;healthy
( )2.Miss Liu is very ______ ,because she exercises every day.
A.health B.healthy C.unhealthy D.unhealthily
( )3.I think I’m kind of______ ,because I don’t look after my _____ .
A.healthy;health B.unhealthy;health C.unhealthy;healthy D.healthy;healthy
2.percent n.“百分之……”的用法
结构为：基数词+percent of+n.“百分之几的……”作主语时，谓语动词的形式由of后的名词的单复数决定。
eg:Sixty percent of the children play computer games.
练习：
( )1.Only fifty-five percent of the farmers here ______ illiterate(文盲的)twenty years ago.
A.are B.was C.were D.is
3.mind的用法
⑴作名词时，为[C]，意为“头脑；心智”
eg:She has a quick mind.
作者:
网站工作室
时间:
2020-9-1 01:54
短语：
make up one’s mind(to do sth.)做出决定(做某事)
never mind没关系
change one’s mind改变主意
⑵作动词时，为vt.，意为“介意”，后接(doing)sth.或从句。
eg:①I wouldn’t mind a drink.
②I wouldn’t mind having a drink.
4.such adj.&pron.“这样的；那样的；类似的”的用法
常用来修饰名词，起强调作用。作定语时，要置于a/an之前；all,no,several,some,any等之后。另外，such as“例如”，表示举例，并且表示举例时，such和as可以分开使用，但它并不列举完全部例子。
eg:①They are rude.I can’t understand such people.
②She’s such a beautiful girl.
③There are no such things now.
区别：so……that与such……that“如此……以致于……”的区别
⑴二者都可引导结果状语从句。
⑵so为adv，such为adj。
⑶二者结构分别为：
so+adj/adv原级+that
so+adj+a/an+n(可单)+that such+a/an+adj+n(可单)+that
so+many/few+ns(可复)+that such+adj+ns(可复) +that
so+much/little(少的)+n(不可数)+that such+adj+n(不可数)+that
（注：只修饰形容词、副词时，只可用so。
修饰单数名词时，二者可以互换。
修饰复数和不可数名词时，多多少少用so,不多不少用such.）
练习：
( )1.There was _____ snake across the road just now.
A.so scary B.such scary C.so a scary D.such a scary
( )2.Jim wants to buy some fruits,such _____ apples,pears and bananas.
A.to B.for C.as D.with
( )3.It’s _____ nice dress that she can’t help stopping.
A.so B.such C.so a D.such a
( )4.He bought a lot of fruit,_____ apples and oranges.
A.such as B.for example C.same as D.so as
( )5.—Why do you speak in _____ a loud voice?
—Because I want to make myself ______ clearly.
A.such;hear B.so;heard C.such;heard D.so;hear
5.die v.“死亡；灭亡；消失”(—dead adj.“死的，无生命的”—death n.“死亡”)
die为短暂性动词，不可与一段时间连用。
短语：
die away逐渐减弱
die out消失；灭绝
die of/from死于；因……而死
die for...为……献出生命
eg:①Our love will never die.
②The cat died yesterday.
练习：
( )1.He was born in 1874 and _____ in 1913.A.death B.dead C.died D.die
6.almost adv.“几乎；差不多”
位置通常在实义动词前，系动词、助动词后；修饰形容词、副词时，通常位于被修饰词前。近义词为nearly。
eg:①It was almost midnight.
②The story is almost certainly true.
练习：
( )1.—How often do you exercise? —_____ ever.Because I am very busy with my work.
A.Nearly B.Hardly C.Almost D.Always
7.none,no one的区别
㈠no one(=nobody)"没有人"，范围不确定；只可代人；不与of短语连用；回答Who提问。
㈡none"没有一个人"，范围确定；既可代人，又可代物；可与of短语连用；回答How many和How much提问。
练习：
( )1._____ of the books is mine.A.None B.No one C.Both D.All
( )2.—Don’t be angry with your kid when he makes a mistake again,will you?
—No,I won’t.I know that _____ of us are perfect after all.
A.none B.neither C.each D.all
( )3.______ wants to be laughed at.A.Either B.Both C.All D.None
8.be good短语
at擅长……(=do well in)
to对……好(=be friendly/kind to)
be good for对……有益(=do good to)
with对……有办法；善于应付……的
练习：
( )1.Doing morning exercises _________ our health.
A.is good at B.are good at C.is good for D.is good with
( )2.I know you are good _____ maths but I don't know what your brother is fond ______ ?
A.at;at B.of;of C.at;of D.of;at
( )3.Mother says eating more fruits are good _____ my health.A.with B.at C.for D.to
( )4.Enough sleep ____ health.If you stay up for your favorite TV programs,you will feel sleepy.
A.is good for B.is good at C.is good to D.does well in
9.not...at all“一点也不；完全不”
eg:I don’t like at all.
练习：
( )1.—Don’t be angry with your kid when he makes a mistake again,will you?
—No,I won’t.I know that _____ of us are perfect after all.
A.none B.neither C.each D.all
10.全倒装的用法（不借助于be动词，助动词，情态动词，且主语为名词）
表示方位的副词here,there,in,out,up,down,away,off表示顺序的first,next或表示时间的now,then位于句首，且主语为名词时。
eg:①Here comes the bus.
②Now comes your turn.
③Out ran all the students.
注：当主语为代词时，不用全倒装。
eg:Here you are.
练习：
( )1.Hey,Nick.____comes the last bus!Hurry up,or we’ll have to walk home.A.This B.There C.That D.It
( )2.Here ____ in the classroom.A.are ten students B.ten students are C.ten students is D.is ten students
11.result n.[C]“结果；后果”的用法
搭配：as a result of“因为；由于”
as a result“结果……”
with the result that...“结果……”
the result of...“是……的结果”
eg:①Here are the results of your Chinese exam.
②I’m late as a result of the rain.
③Mary wasn’t at school last week,with the result that she missed the important test.
练习：
( )1.Here _____ the results ______ the student activity survey.A.is;with B.are;of C.is;of D.are;with
12.to介“……的”表示所属。
the way 路
the answer答案
the key钥匙 to
the solution解决办法
the ticket票
the entrance入口
the identity身份
the approach方法
练习：
( )1.It’s very nice of you to help me find the key _____ the door.A.of B.for C.to D.on
( )2.Here is the answer _____ your question.A.at B.of C.to D.for
( )3.Mr Smith always comes up ______ good solutions ________ our math problem.
A.with;to B.with;of C.at;to D.of;of
( )4.It’s very nice of you to help me find the key _____ the door.A.of B.for C.to D.on
13.although连词“尽管；虽然；即使”的用法
不可与but,and,so等连用，但可与yet,still等词连用，且可与though换用。
eg:Although/Though he is not rich,(yet)he is happy.
练习：
( )1.—You bought the car about ten years ago? —Yes.______ it’s old,it still runs well.
A.Because B.Since C.Although D.But
( )2._____ he has little knowledge,the old worker has a lot of experience.A.Although B.Because C.If D.As
( )3.Maybe I’m not very healthy,_____ I have healthy habits.A.and B.although C.because D.so
( )4._____ he is young,_____ he is clever.A.Although;but B.Although;/ C.Though;but D.Because;so
14.however adv.“然而；不过”表示语意的转折，放在句首、句中或句末，通常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。
eg:①His father,however,did not agree.
②However,she has some bad habits.
练习：
( )1.Mary is a good girl.______ ,she also has some bad habits.
A.But B.However C.And D.So
( )2.Li Hai studies very hard.______ ,he doesn’t do well in all his subjects very much.
A.However B.But C.And D.So
( )3.He was ill,_____ ,he still went to work.
A.but B.because C.so D.however
15.more than“多于；超出”的用法(反义词为：less than“少于”)
搭配：
adj./adv.原级/分词(=very) “非常，很，十分”
more than 数词(=over) “超出，超过”
n “不止是”
eg:①I was more than (a little)pleased with his deeds.
注：more than one +n “不止一个”作主语时，谓语动词应用单数形式。
注：more than一般都放在所修饰成分的前面。
练习：
( )1.She usually watches TV for___ three hours a day.It’s such a bad habit.
A.more B.less C.more than D.less than
( )2.Your teacher looks so young.She doesn’t looks___30 years old.
A.more than B.less than C.than D.at least
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n June 1st;on Monday morning