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沙发
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发表于 2020-9-1 01:51:07
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练习：
( )1.Since the new law was publicized(公布),the old one would be out of _____ .
A.action B.order C.hearing D.tune
3.区别：be famous for,be famous as
⑴be famous for+事物“以……而著名”
⑵be famous as+身份“以……而著名”
eg:①China is famous for its silk.
②Mo Yan is famous as a writer.
练习：
( )1.We’ll have dinner at Hanghai Restaurant,which is famous _____ its food.
A.of B.to C.for D.with
( )2.China is famous ______ the Great Wall.
A.of B.for C.as D.at
( )3.Li Huan is famous _____ his songs _____ a university teacher.
A.as;as B.as;for C.for;as D.for;for
4.rich adj.“富有的”
短语：
be rich in盛产……
the rich富人
eg:①She is one of the richest women in the city.
②This country is rich in oil.
练习：
( )1.Although he was very _____ ,he was always afraid to spend more money.
A.ugly B.handsome C.rich D.poor
5.turn,become,get,go,come,grow
⑴turn强调变化的结果，含有和以前完全不同之意。
eg:The trees turn green.
⑵become表示变化过程的完成，强调人或物状态、外貌的变化，较正式，后接名词或形容词，不可接不定式作表语。
eg:Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.
⑶get较口语化，指难以扭转的变化，表示变化的过程，其后常接形容词的比较级。
eg:The days are getting longer and longer.
⑷come指好的变化。
eg:His dream finally came true.
⑸grow有“逐渐变成新状态”的含义，强调变化的过程。
eg:Mr.Zhang is growing thinner.
⑹go表示因某种原因而进入某种状态，指情况由好变坏时，常用go加上形容词表示。说明变的结果。
eg:After he heard the news,his face went pale.
练习：
( )1.My daughter wants to _____ a pianist when she grows up.
A.become B.get C.turn D.go
6.success n.[U]“成功”[C]“成功的人或事”(—successful adj.“成功的”—successfully adv.“成功地”—succeed vi.“成功”)
短语：
be successful in...在……方面成功
be successful in (doing) sth.(=succeed in (doing) sth.=have success in (doing) sth.)成功地
做成某事
练习：
( )1.He is successful _____ studying English.
A.on B.in C.for D.to
( )2.Sally had a huge ____ in the concert,and then she became a famous _____ pianist.
A.succeed;success B.success;succeed C.successful;success D.success;successful
7.excuse;reason;cause
⑴excuse指为免受指责或推卸责任而找的“理由，原因”，也就是“借口”。
eg:Too much work is no excuse for absence.
⑵reason强调从逻辑推理上得出的结论性原因，不是直接说明原因。
eg:There are many reasons for animals dying out.
⑶cause“起因，原因”，指引起某种结果的必然原因，即主要事实方面的原因，常和effect连用，表示因果关系。
eg:I don’t know the cause and effect.
练习：
( )1.—What was the _____ of your English exam last week?
—I got full marks and won first place(名次)in my class.
A.result B.reason C.advice D.suggestion
8.luck n.[U]“运气”(—lucky adj.“幸运的”(反义词：unlucky)—luckily adv.“幸运地”)
eg:Good luck to you.
练习：
( )1.They were _____ to lose the football game.
A.lucky B.unlucky C.lucky D.unluckily
9.lose;miss
⑴lose“丢失；失去”语气较强，一般指丢失不易找回。作定语或表语时，用过去分词形式。
eg:The girl is looking for the lost dog.
⑵miss“丢失；失去”指东西或人丢失了，但有找到的希望。作定语或表语时，用现在分词形式。
eg:They set out to look for the missing child at once.
练习：
( )1.We always get ____ in the Zhengzhou train station.
A.lose B.losing C.lost D.losted
( )2.I gave you a map so you wouldn’t _____ .
A.get lost B.get lose C.get losing D.get losted
10.come out“(太阳等)出来，出现；(花)开放，发芽；(书)出版；发表；放映，播出”
短语：
come up提出；走近；走向前
come in进入
come on加油；快点
eg:①Some flowers have begun to come out.
②The stars came out as soon as it was dark.
练习：
( )1.Jack is a popular writer.His new book will _____ this September.
A.come up B.come in C.come on D.come out
( )2.The great writer has written many stories for children.It’s said that a new one will ____ at the end of this month.
A.go out B.come out C.look out D.run out
( )3.Han Han is a popular writer.His new book will ______ this September.
A.come up B.come in C.come out D.come on
11.more…than…与其说(后者)，倒不如说(前者)
more than+数词(=over) “超出，超过”
more than one +n “不止一个”作主语时，谓语动词应用单数形式。
eg:—Do you think him naughty enough?
—I’m afraid he’s more clever than naughty.
练习：
( )1.—How many new desks and chairs are there in your school this year?
—There are over 3,000.Each of us has one.
A.less than B.most C.more than D.as many as
12.dress up装扮，乔装打扮
eg:He dressed up as a cowboy.
区别：dress;put on;wear;be in;try on
⑴dress“给……穿上衣服”宾语为人。强调动作。dress sb.给某人穿衣服，get/be dressed穿衣服
eg:He can dress himself though he is only five years old.
⑵put on“穿上”宾语为衣服。强调动作。反义词为take off。
eg:He tried on his coat and went out of the office quickly.
⑶wear“穿着”宾语为衣服。强调状态。可用于进行时。
eg:The girl is wearing a blue skirt today.
⑷(be)in(=be wearing)“穿着”宾语为颜色或带有颜色的衣服。
eg:The girl in a blue coat is my brother.
⑸try on“试穿”宾语为衣服。强调动作。
eg:She tried on her new dress.
练习：
( )1.Most British high schools children _____ uniforms at school.
A.wear B.dress C.put on D.dress up
( )2.She likes to dress _____ like a boy.
A.to B.up C.at D.in
( )3.—What _____ they _____ of Amanda?
—They love her.
A.do;think B.are;think C.does;think D.is;thinking
( )4.To find the truth of the accident,the woman reporter___and interviewed the villagers quietly.
A.jumped down B.gave up C.looked around D.dressed up
13.世纪年代表达法
结构为：in the+基数词世纪+几十年代的复数
eg:in the 1990s/1990’s
练习：
( )1.About two thirds of the students in our class were born in the ______ .
A.1990s B.1990 C.2090s D.2000
14.take one’s place代替
eg:Who’s going to take your place at the meeting?
练习：
( )1.John will never be able to ______ in our hearts.
A.dress as B.come out C.instead D.take your place
( )2.Jack’s father is too old to work.And so he has to take ____ place to work for his family.
A.him B.their C.his D.them
15.over介词“超过，多于；越过；在……期间；通过……媒介；在……之上，在正上方”
eg:She told me over the telephone about it.
练习：
( )1.—Can I join the club?
—If you are _____ ten,you can.
A.over B.on C.from D.for
( )2.There are _____ 3 rooms in this house.
A.over B.more C.on D.above
语法：动词不定式
不定式不可作谓语，但它可以有自己的宾语、状语，构成不定式短语，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语（表将来）、状语或补足语。中考对不定式的考查主要有不定式的时态、语态、作用、否定、省略、连词＋不定式等。
1.作主语
不定式作主语表示具体的动作，通常指一件已知的事或目的。
不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
eg:To say is a thing,to do is another.(说是一回事，做是另外一回事。)
（2）不定式短语较长时，通常放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语。
eg:①It is important to learn English well.(学好英语是重要的。)
②It is necessary for us to do the job well.(我们做好这项工作是必要的。)
③It is a great honor to be invited to give a speech here.被邀请在这儿发表演讲是一个极大的荣幸。
2.作宾语
（1）to do表示特定，具体，将来的动作。常只用不定式作宾语的动词有(记忆口诀：想要拒绝忘记，需要努力学习；喜欢同意帮助，希望决定开始)want,wish,hope,long,expect,desire,intend,decide,ask,
promise,aim,offer,agree,plan,learn,choose,refuse,fail,manage,pretend等。
eg:①He refused to help me.(他拒绝帮助我.)
②She has agreed to come tomorrow.(他已同意明天来.)
(2) 不定式较长时，作宾语，也可用it代替，放在后面。
eg;I find it difficult to do the job well.
(3) “特殊疑问词﹢不定式to do结构”具有名词特征，可作宾语。
eg:①She didn't know whether to go or not. ②They haven't decided when and where to build the school.
（4）不定式可作介but,except,besides“除……之外”的宾语，介词前有实义动词do的任何一种形式，后边的不定式就无to；否则必带to。
eg:①I want to do nothing but play the computer games。
②I have no choice but to wait。
3.动词不定式作表语
（1）不定式作表语放在be和其他系动词后，说明主语的内容。同样，“特殊疑问词＋不定式”具有名词特征，也可作表语。
eg:①My job is to sweep the floor.
②His goal was to enter the key university of Beijing.
③The first question is how to find a better way to learn English well.
(2)不定式作主语时，表语也必须为不定式，结构必须保持一致。
eg:To see is to believe.
(3)如果主语部分的谓语动词或非谓语动词是实义动词do的某种形式，那么作表语的不定式可以省去to.
eg:①The first thing to do is find her.
②The only thing he could do was tell the truth.
4.不定式作定语
不定式作定语表示将来，常放在所修饰的名词或代词后。
eg:①I have something important to tell you.(不定式与被修饰名词构成被动关系。)
②His wish to be an artist has never come true.( 不定式与被修饰名词构成同位关系。)
③He is the right man to do the job. ( 不定式与被修饰名词构成主动关系。)
④The little girl was unhappy because she had no friends to play with. ( 不定式与被修饰名词构 成主动关系。)（注：若不定式为不及物动词，其后须加上相应的介词。)
5.不定式作状语
不定式作状语主要是表示目的、条件、原因和结果，可位于句首或句末，但句首时通常用逗号隔开。
eg:①We set off early that morning to catch the first bus.（目的）
②To get a good result,she worked very hard.（目的）
③I feel it an honor to be invited to the party.(条件)
④She was very happy to get the first prize.(原因)
⑤He worked hard only to fail.(结果)
注：⑴不定式常用在so as 或in order后,与它们一起作状语，表示目的，但so as引起的不定式不可置于句首。eg:In order to avoid mistakes,check your homework.
不定式表结果时常和only连用，往往表示出乎意料的意想不到的不想得到的结果。
eg:He hurried to the station ,only to find the train had left.
⑶“形容词＋enough＋不定式”和“too＋形容词或副词（不表情感）＋不定式” 也可作结果状语。
eg:①He is old enough to go to school. ② He is too weak to raise the stone.
但“too＋表情感形容词（pleased,ready,glad,willing,anxious等）＋to do”表示肯定意义，too前面可用only,but等词修饰。
eg:①They were (only) too anxious to leave.(他们只是太急于离开了。)
②She is(only)too pleased to go home.(她非常高兴可以回家了。)
6.不定式作补语
不定式作补语表示宾语所所做的动作或者和宾语有表语关系，表示状态、特性、身份等。另外，不定式可作使役动词、感官动词的补语，表示动作的完成或已经结束。宾语与作补语的不定式之间是主动关系。
⑴后接动词不定式作宾补的常见的动词有：want,wish,expect,prefer,like,hate,ask,beg,request,require,beg,get,advise,persuade,invite,order,remind,permit,allow,send等。
⑵后接动词不定式作宾补的常见的动词短语有：call on,would like/love,arrange for,depend on等。
eg:①She wanted me to arrive there early.
②Our headmaster call on us to work hard.
（3）动词不定式可作感官动词（吾看三室两厅一感觉即：五看see,look at,watch,observe,notice三使（let,make,have）两听hear,listen to一感觉feel）后接不定式作宾补时，不定式符号to要省略，但如果句子变被动结构，必须带to.表示动作的完成。
eg:①He made them climb the hill.
②They were made to climb the hill.
(4)动词不定式可作形容词的补足语
动词不定式可作形容词的补足语，句型为：
(一)主语＋系动词＋表语（adj为convenient/easy/expensive/difficult/hard/impossible/pleasant等）＋to do.(注：to do常用主动表被动，其中do为vt,主语为to do的宾语。)
（二）主语＋find/think/consider/believe/make等＋宾语＋adj＋to do.(注：其中to do常用主动表被动，其中do为vt,主语为to do的宾语。)
eg: ①He is easy to fool.
②The man is easy to work with.
③He find the problem difficult to work out.
（5）“特殊疑问词＋不定式to do”具有名词特征，可作宾补。(谓语动词多为show,know,teach,tell等。)
eg:I’ll tell you how to get there
7不定式作评注性状语或插入语
不定式可以作评注性状语或插入语,放在句子前面、中间或末尾。常见的有to be frank,to be honest,to tell the truth,to begin with，to start with,to be short等。
eg:To begin with,I think you are wrong.
练习：
( )1.It takes me half an hour ______ the piano every day.
A.play B.playing C.to play D.played
( )2.Our teacher often asks us _____ questions in groups.
A.discuss B.to discuss C.discussing D.discussed
( )3.I haven’t decided when ______ a holiday yet.
A.took B.taking C.to take D.take
( )4.We must do everything we can _____ our earth cleaner and safer.
A.made B.to making C.make D.to make
( )5.It’s nice of you _____ me with my English.
A.help B.helping C.to help D.helped
( )6.Please tell me _____ next.
A.how to do it B.what to do it C.how do it D.what do it
( )7.—Which dress do you like best,Madam?
—Sorry,I can’t decide _______ now.
A.to buy which one B.buy which one C.which one to buy D.which to buy it
( )8.Mr.Smith asks the students _____ in the river,because it’s too dangerous.
A.swim B.to swim C.not to swim D.to not swim
( )9.I think _____ easy _____ English every morning.
A.that;keep reading B.it’s;keep reading C.that;to keep reading D.it;to keep reading
( )10.Our teacher told us ______ carefully in class.
A.listen B.to listen C.listens D.listened
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发表于 2020-9-1 01:50:40
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