人教版八年级上Unit9知识点学案

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     Unit 9 Can you come to my party?

Section A

1.prepare v.“使……做好准备；把……准备好”的用法

eg:Mother was preparing dinner in the kitchen while Father was watching TV.

搭配：

                  sb.sth.(=prepare sth.for sb.)给某人准备某物

                  sb.for sth.使某人对某事有所准备

    prepare        to do sth.准备做某事

                  for sth.为某事做准备

                  sb.to do sth.使某人准备做某事

短语：

     be prepared for(=get ready for)为某事做好了准备            

练习：

(   )1.Mother is ______ us dinner.We may wash our hands and ______ the meal.

A.preparing;prepare  B.preparing;prepare for C.preparing for;prepare D.preparing for;prepare for

(  )2.Today is my father’s birthday.My mother ______ a special dinner for him.

A.prepare  B.prepared  C.is preparing  D.will prepare

(  )3.—What are doing,Tom?

     —I’m preparing ____ the math test.

A.to  B.with  C.for  D.on

(  )4.—What’s that terrible noise?

     —The neighbors _____ for a party.

A.have prepared  B.are preparing  C.prepare  D.will prepare

2.exam n.[C]“考试”的用法

短语：

pass the exam考试及格

fail (in)the exam考试不及格

take/do an exam参加考试

区别：exam,test

⑴exam指正式的“考试”，如期中考试、入学考试等。

⑵test指“测验，小考，考查”，也可指正规的“考试”或“考查”。

eg:①She’s going to take a math exam.

  ②Have a test before the class begins.

练习：

(  )1.The English _____ is coming,and I’m busy studying for it.

A.test  B.office  C.advice  D.difference

3.available adj.“有空的；可获得的”

以人做主语时，指人“能够出席的，有时间做某事的”。以物做主语时，指物“有用的，有效的，可获得的”。

eg:①Are you available for a meeting tomorrow morning?

  ②The doctor is not available now.

  ③The book you ordered is not available.

  ④These tickets are available for one month only.

练习：

(  )1.There are no tickets _______ for Saturday’s performance.

A.enjoyed  B.possible  C.available  D.probable

4.hang“悬挂，垂下；逗留，徘徊”的用法

⑴作“悬挂，垂下”时，(—hung—hung)；另作“绞死，吊死”时，(—hanged—hanged)

短语：

    hang up挂断

⑵作“逗留，徘徊”时，(—hung—hung)

短语：

    hang out闲逛(=hang around/about)

eg:①A basket hung above the table.

  ②It’s dangerous for you to hang out alone everywhere.

练习：

(  )1.—Can you hang _____ with us on Sunday?

     —Sure,I’d love ______ .

A.out;to  B.out;/  C./;to  D./;/

(  )2.I ____ with my friends and took many photos.

A.hung out  B.hangs out  C.hang out  D.hanged out

5.catch vt.“及时赶上；接住；抓住”的用法

短语：

catch up with赶上某人

catch fire着火

catch a cold感冒

eg:①We had to run quickly to catch the bus.

  ②If you study hard,you’ll catch up with your classmates.

练习：

(  )1.If you hurry,you’ll _____ the first bus.

A.catch  B.caught  C.will catch  D.be catching

(  )2.The roof of the house needs repairing.It’s raining now,you’d better get something to ____ rain drops.

A.control  B.cover  C.carry  D.catch

( )3.When I talked with my grandma on the phone,she sounded weak,but by the time we ___up,her voice had been full of life.

A.were hanging  B.had hung  C.hung  D.would hang

6.invite vt.“邀请”的用法(—invitation n.“邀请”)

搭配：

   invite sb.to sp.邀请某人去某地

   invite(=ask) sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事

eg:①I invited him to my house.

  ②Thanks for your invitation.

练习：

(  )1.Lucy is shy.She wouldn’t invite her classmates _____ dancing with her.

A.practice  B.practices  C.practicing  D.to practice

(  )2.Thanks for _____ me to your party.

A.inviting  B.invite  C.to invite  D.invite

(  )3.May 12th is Xiaoming’s birthday.He _____ us to his birthday party.

A.asks  B.invites  C.makes  D.tells

(  )4.We invited us _____ dinner at her home,and we agreed.

A.to have  B.have  C.having  D.had

7.accept vt.“接受”的用法

后接名词、代词作宾语，但不可接不定式。

eg:He accepted a present from his friend.

区别：accept,receive

⑴accept表示主动而且高兴地接受。

⑵receive表示被动地收到，但不一定接受。

eg:She has received his present but she’ll not accept it.

练习：

(  )1.They decided to _____ the invitation.We were glad to hear that.

A.fix  B.accept  C.compare  D.match

(  )2.—Would you please see the film Iron Man 3 with me tonight, Kate?

     —I’d love to,but I’ve ____ Linda’s invitation to dinner.

A.suffered  B.earned  C.received  D.accepted

(  )3.I _____ invitation,but I don’t want to _____ it.

A.accept;accept  B.accept;receive  C.receive;accept  D.receive;receive

8.refuse vt.“拒绝”的用法

搭配：

    refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事

eg:①If he makes you a good offer,don’t refuse it.

  ②He refused to let me go there.

练习：

(  )1.May I have a rest?I have already finished _____ the report.

A.refusing  B.to refuse  C.writing  D.to write

(  )2.We invited Jack to our party,but he _____ us.

A.refused  B.accepted  C.agreed  D.served

9.Can/could you...?“你能……吗？”Can’t you...?“难道你不能……吗？”用于邀请，适用于熟人、平辈之间。

⑴常用的表示邀请的句型有：Would you like/love to...?“你愿意……吗？”Will you please...?“请你……好吗？”Shall we...?“我们……好吗？”

⑵接受邀请的表达有：Certainly/Sure/Yes,I’d like/love to.或Thank you for inviting/asking me.或Yes,it’s very nice/kind of you.或With pleasure.

⑶拒绝邀请的表达有：Sorry,I’m afraid I can’t./I’m afraid not./I’d love to,but.../Sorry,I can’t.But thanks all the same.

eg:—Would you love to go to the movies with me?

   —Sure,I’d love to.

练习：

(  )1.—Would you like to come to my birthday party tonight?

     —_______ .Thank you for inviting me.

A.Sure,I’d love to  B.Yes,I would  C.I don’t think so  D.I think so

(  )2.—Would you like to go for a bike ride on Sunday afternoon?

     —______ .I haven’t been outdoors these days.I can’t wait!

A.Sorry,I can’t  B.Sure,I’d love to  C.Not at all  D.Forget it

(  )3.—Would you like to eat some bananas?

     —_______ ,but I have eaten a lot of apples.

A.I’d love to  B.I think so  C.I’m afraid so  D.I don’t think so

(  )4.—Today is my birthday.Can you come to my party tonight?

     —_______ .

A.Don’t worry  B.Sure,I’d love to  C.That’s too bad  D.No,I don’t know

(  )5.—Everybody is playing outside.Can I join them,mom?

     —_______ Not until you have finished practicing the piano.

A.Why not?  B.Will you?  C.I hope so.  D.I’m afraid not

10.go to the doctor(=go to see the doctor)“去看医生”

11.remember的用法

  remember to do sth     记起要做某事(未做)

  remember doing sth     记起做过某事(已做过)

练习：

(  )1.Remember _____ the book to the library when you finish _______ .

A.to return;to read  B.returning;reading  C.to return;reading  D.returning;to read

Section B

1.without prep.“没有”的用法

反义词为with，后接名词、代词、动名词。

eg:We can’t live without air.

练习：

(  )1.Students shouldn’t go to school ______ breakfast.It’s bad for their health.

A.with  B.without  C.for  D.by

(  )2.I don’t know how to begin a talk with Betty.She can sit all day long _____ a word.

A.by  B.with  C.in  D.without

(  )3.I’m sorry I have to study _____ the history test.

A.for  B.to  C.with  D.without

(  )4.We couldn’t finish our homework so early _____ Jenny’s help.

A.without  B.with  C.for  D.by

(  )5.The boy went to school _____ having breakfast.So he was hungry.

A.by  B.with  C.in  D.without

2.surprised adj.“吃惊的”的用法

搭配：

be surprised at sth.对某事感到惊讶

be surprised to do sth.对做某事感到惊讶

be surprised that从句很吃惊/惊讶……

eg:I’m very surprised to hear of your failure.

练习：

(  )1.He can come to your party,because he is not busy.He is ______ .

A.available  B.surprised  C.busy  D.sad

(  )2.I think you can be _____ at the ______ news.

A.surprised;surprised  B.surprising;surprising  C.surprised;surprising  D.surprising;surprised

3.What’s today?是询问日期和星期的日常用语。另外询问日期的句型还有：What day is (it) today?“今天星期几？”What’s the date today?“今天是几月几日？”

eg:—What’s today?

   —It’s Monday the 15th.

练习：

(  )1.—What was the date yesterday?

     —________ .

A.It was Saturday  B.It was November the 21st  C.It was cloudy  D.It was 2 p.m

4.so that既可引导目的状语从句(有情无逗)；也可引导结果状语从句(无情有逗)。

eg:①They got up early so that they could catch the early bus.

  ②He came here late,so that he didn’t see his favorite actress.

注：so...that...“如此……以致于……”引导结果状语从句的用法

   so+adj/adv原级+that

   so+adj+a/an+n(可单)+that                  

   so+many/few+ns(可复)+that                 

   so+much/little(少的)+n(不可数)+that         

练习：

(  )1.The old man asked the girl to take another seat _____ he wanted to sit next to his wife.

A.because  B.so that  C.so  D.since

(  )2.Mr.Green speaks very loudly _____ all the people can hear him clearly.

A.when  B.so that  C.because  D.since

5.at the end of,by the end of,in the end,at an end区别

⑴at the end of“在……的尽头；在……的末尾”，可指时间点或地点。

⑵by the end of“截止到……时候”，常用于完成时态。

⑶in the end“最后，终于”，表示经过期待或努力的“最后”，单独使用作状语。

⑷at an end“结束，终结”，常作表语。

eg:①There is a school at the end of this street.

  ②I will have learned about 3,000 English words by the end of this term.

  ③We reached the destination in the end.

  ④The long cold winter was at an end.

练习：

(  )1.Part of the family are out on holiday.They are supposed to be back _____ this week.

A.in the end of  B.at the end of  C.by the end of  D.for the end of

(  )2._______ ,they got to know each other and became friends.

A.By the end  B.At the end  C.In the end  D.On the end

(  )3.When the meeting ________ ,they all rose and left.

A.At the end  B.at an end  C.at the end of  D.at an end of

(  )4.The man tried several times to start the car,and he succeeded ______ .

A.in the past  B.in the end  C.at first  D.at once

6.look forward to介(+sth./doing sth.)“期待，盼望”

eg:We’re looking forward to going abroad.

练习：

(  )1.—What are doing now?

     —I’m writing to my cousins.He moved to America two weeks ago.He must be ____ receiving my e-mail.

A.listening to  B.looking forward to  C.hoping to  D.hearing from

(  )2.—I’m looking forward to ______ my parents soon.What about you?

     —Me,too.

A.seeing  B.seen  C.see  D.saw

7.a lot of=lots of(+可数ns或不可数n)和a great deal of+不可数n”许多”，多用于肯定句。而many,much可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句中。

a lot(=very much)“许多，非常，十分”强调程度，修饰动词，放在动词后后句末。另外，a lot也可修饰比较级。

练习：

(  )1.My parents are very happy to make ______ money.

A.a lot  B.little  C.many  D.a lot of

8.on,at,in表示时间的区别

⑴ on表示在某一(些)天或某一(些)天的上午、下午或晚上。

⑵at表示在具体的时间点。

⑶in表示在一段时间之内或过一段时间之后。

练习：

(  )1.We can be thankful every day,not just ______ Thanksgiving Day.

A.in  B.on  C.at  D.by

(  )2.He was born _____ the morning _____ February the 25th 1998.

A.in;of  B.on;in  C.in;in  D.on;of

(  )3.—When did he leave?

     —_____ a snowy morning.

A.In  B.At  C.On  D.With

(  )4.John was born _____ the 2nd of June.

A.in  B.on  C.at  D.with

(  )5.You can play tennis ______ Saturday morning with me.

A.at  B.in  C.on  D.for

9.leave“离开”的用法

搭配：

leave sp.离开某地

leave for去某地

leave sp.for sp.离开某地去某地

练习：

(  )1.—Jack is busy packing luggage.

     —Yes.He ______ for America on vacation.

A.leaves  B.left  C.is leaving D.has been away

(  )2.Dad _____ the USA in two weeks.

A.is leave for  B.leaves for  C.is leaving for  D.left for

(  )3.They _____ a lot of money by selling computers and they are very rich.

A.make  B.save  C.cost  D.leave

(  )4.Don’t worry.Tom isn’t leaving ______ next month.

A.because  B.until  C.after  D.when

(  )5.Please don’t run ____ shout at the party.If you do,the teacher will ask you ______ .

A.and;leave  B.or;to leave  C.and;to leave  D.or;leave

语法：情态动词的用法

⑴can/could“能(够)、会”，表能力。也可表许可，但更侧重客观情况的许可。

固定搭配：

can not/never…too/enough“无论……都不过分；越……越好”。

can't but do=can’t choose but do=can do nothing but do"不得不、只好做某事”

⑵can/could“可能”，表实际上的可能性，常用于否定句和疑问句。有时也可用于肯定，意为“有时会，可能会”，表示理论上的可能性。而could“可能”可用于肯定、否定句和疑问句。(could=may/might)

⑶区别：must与have to

（1）must表示主观上“必须”。只有一种形式。mustn’t意为“不准；禁止；不可以”。

（2）have to表示客观上“不得不”。有时态、人称等方面的变化。don’t have to意为“不必”。

练习：

(  )1.You _____ wear sports shoes when you climb a mountain.

A.need  B.shouldn’t  C.mustn’t  D.have to

(  )2.—Dad,must we wait until the light becomes green?

     —Yes,I’m afraid we ______ .That’s the traffic rule.

A.can  B.may  C.have to  D.need

(  )3.My bike is broken today,and I _____ go to school on foot.

A.have to  B.has to  C.need  D.must

(  )4.—Listen!Mary is singing in the next room.

     —It _____ be Mary.She’s playing volleyball with her classmates on the playground.

A.must  B.can’t  C.may  D.may not

(  )5.—Your father and I decide to buy a car this summer.

     —That’s great.Then we’ll ______ go on vacation in our own car.

A.can  B.may  C.be able to  D.could

(  )6.I’m sorry.I _____ go now.My father told me on the telephone that my mother was ill.

A.can  B.may  C.have to  D.can’t