|
|
教育理论试题部分
1. 1903年，在美国出版第一本《教育心理学》的心理学家是( )
A．桑代克 B．斯金纳 C．华生 D．布鲁纳
2. 广义的学习指人和动物在生活过程中，（凭借经验）而产生的行为或行为潜能的相对( )
A．地升华 B．发挥 C．表现 D．持久的变化
3. 先行组织者教学技术的提出者是美国著名心理学家（）
A．斯金纳 B．布鲁纳 C．奥苏伯尔 D．桑代克
4. 对学习内容或学习结果感兴趣而形成的动机，可称为( )
A．近景的直接动性机 B．兴趣性动机 C．情趣动机 D．直接性动机
5. 在实际教学过程中，知识直观的方式主要有实物直观、模象直观和( )
A．言语直观 B．形象直观 C．感知直观 D．表象直观
6. 最早提出遗忘曲线及其规律的心理学家是( )
A．巴甫洛夫 B．艾宾浩斯 C．斯金纳 D．威廉.冯特
7. 课堂纪律是对学生课堂行为所施加的
A．监控与管理 B．准则与控制 C．限制性影响 D．限制与规范
8. 课堂教学结构包括教学时间的合理利用、课程表的编制和 ( )
A．教学过程的规划 B．教学内容设计 C．教学方法的实施D．教学方法的选择
9. 对于认知和技能领域的学业，最常用的教学评价手段是标准化成就测验和( )
A．教师随堂评价 B．教师自编测验 C．随常考试 D．课堂提问测验
10. 教学目标是预期学生通过教学活动获得的 ( )
A．思维品质 B．学习内容 C．学习结果 D．知识技能
专业知识试题部分
一、填空题
1. The final _____of the play will take place on Monday.
A. action B. performance C.view D. sight
2. To get my travelers' checks I had to have the bank _____ a special check forthe total amount.
A. make up B. make out C. makefor D. make up for
3. I used to be able to play well but I'm _____ now.
A. out of date B. out oftouch C. out of practice D. out of place
4. As soon as the children were _____, their mother got them out of bed andinto the bathroom.
A. woke B. waken C. wake D. awake
5. The government's strong action showed its _____ to crush the rebellion.
A. energy B. brief C.determination D. encourage
6. When she heard from the hospital that her father had died, she _____ intotears.
A. burst B. went C.exploded D. fell
7. _____ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.
A. In spite of B. But for C.Because of D. As for
8. People who live in a small village are bound to see a good _____ of eachother.
A. sum B. quantity C.deal D. amount
9. They always kept on good _____ with their next-door neighbors for thechildren's sake.
A. friendship B. relations C.relatives D. terms
10. The generation _____ makes it difficult for parents to understand theirchildren's opinions.
A. division B. gap C.separation D. valley
11. If the boy had _____ the dog alone it wouldn't have bitten him.
A. set B. left C. had D.put
12. I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into _____ when judging myexamination.
A. regard B. account C.thought D. observation
13. We can't _____ one to change the habits of a lifetime in a short time.
A. hope B. wait C.expect D. imagine
14. When I took his temperature, it was two degrees above _____.
A. average B. ordinary C.regular D. normal
15. He has left his book here on _____, so that you can read it.
A. purpose B. design C.aim D. meaning
二、完形填空
Directions: Complete the following passageby using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that thereis one word more than you need.
A. account B. adjustable C. appliances D. capture E. decorations F. direct
G. experiment H. intended I. operated J. soulless K. squeeze
Golden Rules of Good Design
What makes good design? Overthe years, designers and artists have been trying to 16 the essentials of good design. They have foundthat some sayings can help people understand the ideas of good design. Thereare four as follows.
Less is more. This saying is associated with the German-bornarchitect Mies van der Rohe. In his Modernist view, beauty lies in simplicityand elegance, and the aim of the designer is to create solutions to problemsthrough the most efficient means. Design should avoid unnecessary 17
More is not a bore. The American-born architect Robert Venturi concludedthat if simplicity is done badly, the result is 18 design.Post-Modernist designers began to 19 with decoration and color again. Productdesign was heavily influenced by this view and can be seen in kitchen 20 such as ovens and kettles.
Fitnessfor purpose. Successful product design takes into consideration a product’sfunction, purpose, shape, form, color, and so on. The most important result forthe user is that the product does what is 21 . For example, think of a(n) 22 desk lamp. It needs to be constructed frommaterials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by theuser. It also needs to be stable. Most importantly, it needs to 23 light where it is needed.
Fromfollows emotion. This phrase is associated with the German designer HartmutEsslinger. He believes design must take into 24 the sensory side of our nature—sight, smell, touch and taste. Theseare as important as rational(理性的). When choosing everydayproducts such as toothpaste, we appreciate a cool-looking device that allows usto easily 25 thetoothpaste onto our brush.
三、阅读理解
Section A
Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases markedA, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits thecontext.
In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the artof management, developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is theidea that people instinctively 26 work and will do anything to avoid it. TheoryY is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.
In any case,despite so much evidence to the 27 , many managers still agree to Theory X.They believe, 28 ,that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively,or that decisions must be imposed from 29 without consultation. This, of course, makesfor authoritarian (专制的) managers.
Differentcultures have different ways of 30 people. Unlike authoritarian management, some cultures, particularly in Asia, are wellknown for the consultative nature of decision-making—all members of the department orwork group are asked to 31 tothis process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many westerncompanies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which arebased on general 32 . Some experts say that women will becomemore effective managers than men because they have the power to reach commongoals in a way that traditional 33 managers cannot.
A recent trendhas been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisionson their own without 34 managers first. This empowerment (授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing: 35 the number of management layers in companies.After de-layering in this way, a company may be 36 with just a top level of senior managers,front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public.Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has 37 been the case. Empowerment and delegation meannew forms of management control to 38 that the overall business plan is beingfollowed, and that operations become more profitable under the new organization,rather than less.
Another trendis off-site or 39 management, where teams of people linked bye-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses. Projectmanagers evaluate the 40
of the team members in terms of what theyproduce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.
26. A. desire B. seek C.lose D.dislike
27. A. contrary B. expectation C.degree D.extreme
28. A. vice versa B. for example C.however D. otherwise
29. A. outside B. inside C.below D. above
30. A. replacing B. assessing C.managing D.encouraging
31. A. refer B. contribute C.object D. apply
32. A. agreement B. practice C.election D. impression
33. A. bossy B. experienced C.western D. male
34. A. asking B. training C.warning D. firing
35. A. doubling B. maintaining C.reducing D. estimating
36. A. honoured B. left C.crowded D. compared
37. A. economically B. traditionally C.inadequately D. occasionally
38. A. deny B.admit C. assume D. ensure
39. A. virtual B. ineffective C.day-to-day D. on-the-scene
40. A. opinion B. risk C. performance D. attractiveness
Section B
Direction：Read thefollowing three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished sattments. For each of them there are four choices markedA, B, C andD. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in thepassage you have just read.
(A)
Oneearly morning, I went into the living room to find my mother reading a thickbook called Best Loved Poems to ReadAgain and Again. My interest was aroused only by the fact that the word “Poems”appeared in big, hot pink letters.
“Isit good?” I asked her.
“Yeah,”she answered. “There’s one I really like and you’ll like it, too.” I leanedforward.
“‘Patty Poem,’” she read the title. Who is Patty?I wondered. The poem began:
She never puts her toys away,
Just leaves them scattered① where they lay,… ①散乱的
The poem was just three short sections. The final one came quickly:
When she grows and gathers poise②, ②稳重
I’ll miss her harum-scarum③ noise, ③莽撞的
And look in vain④ for scattered toys. ④徒劳地
And I’ll be sad.
Aterrible sorrow washed over me. Whoever Patty was, she was a mean girl. Then,the shock.
“It’syou, honey,” My mother said sadly.
Tomy mother, the poem revealed a parent’s affection when her child grows up andleaves. To me, the “she” in the poem was horror. It was my mama who would besad. It was so terrible I burst out crying.
“What’swrong?” my mother asked.
“OhMama,” I cried. “I don’t want to grow up ever!”
Shesmiled. “Honey, it’s okay. You’re not growing up anytime soon. And when you do,I’ll still love you, okay?”
“Okay,”I was still weeping. My panic has gone. But I could not help thinking aboutthat silly poem. After what seemed like a safe amount of time, I read the poemagain and was confused. It all fit so well together, like a puzzle. The languagewas simple, so simple I could plainly understand its meaning, yet it was stillbeautiful. I was now fascinated by the idea of poetry, words that had the powerto make or break a person’s world.
Ihave since fallen in love with other poems, but “Patty Poem” remains my poem.After all, “Patty Poem” gave me my love for poetry not because it was the poemthat lifted my spirits, but because it was the one that hurt me the most.
41. Why was the writer attracted by thebook Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again?
A.It was a thick enough book.
B.Something on its cover caught her eye.
C.Her mother was reading it with interest.
D.It has a meaningful title.
42. The writer’s mother liked to read “PattyPoem” probably because______.
A.it reflected her own childhood
B.it was written in simple language
C.it was composed by a famous poet
D.it gave her a hint of what would happen
43. It can be concluded from the passagethat“Patty Poem”leads the writer to _______.
A.discover the power of poetry
B.recognize her love for puzzles
C.find her eagerness to grow up
D.experience great homesickness
(B)
Enough “meaningless drivel”.That’s the message from a group of members of the UK government who have beenexamining how social media firms like LinkedIn gather and use social mediadata.
The House of Commons Science and Technology Committee’s report, releasedlast week, has blamed firms for making people sign up to long incomprehensiblelegal contracts and calls for an international standard or kitemark (认证标记) to identify sites that have clear terms and conditions.
“The term and conditions statement that we all carelessly agree to is meaningless drivel to anyone,” saysAndrew Miller, the chair of the committee. Instead, he says, firms shouldprovide a plain-English version of their terms. The simplified version would bechecked by a third party and awarded a kitemark if it is an accurate reflectionof the original.
Itis not yet clear who would administer the scheme, but the UK government islooking at introducing it on a voluntary basis. “we need to think through howwe make that work in practice,” says Miller.
Would we pay any more attention to a kitemark? “I think if you went anddid the survey, people would like to think they would,” says Nigel Shadbolt atthe University of Southampton, UK, who studies open data. “We do know peopleworry a lot about the inappropriate use of their information.” But what wouldhappen in practice is another matter, he says.
Other organisations such as banks ask customers to sign long contractsthey may not read or understand, but Miller believes social media requiresspecial attention because it is so new. “We still don’t know how significantthe long-term impact is going to be of unwise things that kids put on socialmedia that come back and bite them in 20 years’ time,” he says.
Shadbolt, who gave evidence to the committee, says the problem is that we don’t know how companies will use our data because their business models and uses of data are still evolving. Large collections of personal information have become valuable only recently, he says.
Theshock and anger when a social media firm does something with data that peopledon’t expect, even if users have apparently permission, show that the currentsituation isn’t working. If properly administered, a kitemark on terms andconditions could help people know what exactly they are signing up to. Althoughthey would still have to actually read them.
44. What does the phrase “ meaninglessdrivel” in paragraphs 1 and 3 refer to?
A. Legal contracts that social media firmsmake people sign up to.
B. Warnings from the UK government againstunsafe websites.
C. Guidelines on how to use social mediawebsites properly.
D. Insignificant data collected by socialmedia firms.
45. The writer advises users of socialmedia to _______.
A. think carefully before posting anythingonto such websites
B. read the terms and conditions even ifthere is a kitemark
C. take no further action if they can finda kitemark
D. avoid providing too much personalinformation
46. Which of the following is the besttitle of the passage?
A. Say no to social media?
B. New security rules in operation?
C. Accept without reading?
D. Administration matters!
四、翻译
47.我真希望自己的文章有朝一日能见报。（hope）
48.为买一双运动鞋而通宵排队有意义吗？（point）
49.我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。（The moment…）
五、写作
假设你是中华中学学生姚平，最近参加了一项研究性学习调研，课题为“父母是否以子女为荣”。通过调研你校学生及其父母，结果发现双方对此问题的看法有差异（数据如图所示）。根据图表写一份报告，在报告中，你必须：
1. 描述调研数据；
2. 分析可能导致这一结果的原因。 |
|
发表于 2020-6-2 10:57:55
QQ好友和群
QQ空间
腾讯微博
腾讯朋友
收藏
分享
顶
踩