九年级英语上Unit 1 语言点总结

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一、 词汇
（一） 词形转换
1. training train“训练”  2. whole (同音词) hole   3. tidy  clean
4. develop (名词) development     （形容词）developed“发达的”; developing“发展中的”
5. rapid (副词) rapidly    6. old (比较级) older; elder    7. recent (副词) recently

(二) 重点短语
1. have a good summer holiday 过一个愉快的暑假
2. come back from… 从……回来
3. work for … 为……工作
4. feel sorry for… 对……深表同情
5. a disabled children’s home 一家残疾儿童养育院
6. the whole holiday 整个假期
7. tell stories to kids 给小孩讲故事
8. learn…from 从……当中学习
9. feed a child 喂小孩
10. do farm work 干农活
11. go to summer classes 上暑期班
12. write an article about… 写一篇有关……的文章
13. have a hard/ happy life 过着艰苦的/ 幸福的生活
14. in the past/ future 在过去/ 在将来
15. in detail 详细地
16. at sunrise 在日出时
17. have no chance to do sth. 没有机会做某事
18. afford ( to do) sth 担负得起(做)某事
19. give support to sb. 给某人帮助/支持
20. get a good education 获得良好的教育
21. search…for… 为了……搜索……
22. have little food to eat 吃不饱
23. dress warmly 穿得暖
24. with the development of… 随着……的发展
25. have a balanced diet 饮食均衡
26. play musical instruments 演奏乐器
27. sleep in the open air 在户外睡觉
28. study/ go abroad 在国外学习/ 出国
29. enter/ win/ lose a competition 参加/ 赢得/ 输掉比赛
30. enjoy Beijing Opera 欣赏京剧
31. used to do sth. 过去常做某事
32. at sunrise 在日出时
33. go hungry 变饿了
34. fall ill 得病/ 患病
35. divide …into… 把……分成……
36. feel satisfied with… 对……感到满足
37. see …. oneself 亲眼看见……
38. make progress 取得进步
39. thanks to 多亏; 幸亏；由于
40. stand for 代表
41. with the help of… 在……的帮助下
42. draw up an outline 拟定提纲

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四、重点语法
现在完成时常与下列表不明确的状语连用：
1．already 和 yet
already “已经”（多用于肯定陈述句），如：
He has already gone home. 他已经回家了。
yet “已经; 还”（用于否定句或疑问句），如：
Have you found him yet? 你已经找到他了吗？
I haven’t finished my homework yet. 我还没完成作业。
※ already 也可用于疑问句，表“出乎意料或惊奇”
Have you finished your homework already? 难道你已经完成作业了？
2．ever 和 never
ever “曾经”（多用于疑问句，问初次经历），如：
I have ever been abroad. 我曾出过国。
never
never“从未；从来不”（多用于否定陈述句），常回答ever的句型。如：
I have never seen him before.
----Has he ever been abroad? 他曾出过国吗？
----No, never. 不，从来不。
3．just
just “刚刚”（多用于肯定句，位于谓语动词之前），如：
I have just tried to call you. 我刚刚打电话给你。
4．before
before “之前”（一般位于句末；常与never呼应）， 如：
He says he has never seen such beautiful scenery before.

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五、语法
（一）现在完成时：表示过去已经发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
即“过去的动作 + 现在的结果”， 强调结果。如：
I have bought a new bike. (= I bought a new bike, and I have a new bike now.)
强调我现在有了一辆新车。）
构成形式： 助动词have / has + 动词的过去分词
1．肯定句： I have seen the film. 我已经看过这部电影。
否定句： I haven’t seen the film. 我没看过这部电影。
一般疑问句： Have you seen the film? 你看过这部电影了吗？
回答： Yes, I have. 是的，我看过了。 No, I haven’t. 不，我没看过。
特殊疑问句： What have you done? 你已经做了什么？
2．肯定句： He has finished the task. 他已经完成了任务。
否定句： He hasn’t finished the task. 他还没有完成任务。
一般疑问句： Has he finished the task? 他已经完成任务了吗？
回答： Yes, he has. 是的，他完成了。 No, he hasn’t. 不，他没有完成。
特殊疑问句： What has he finished? 他完成了什么？
（二）have/ has been to与 have/ has gone to / have been in

have/ has been to + 某地， ( 到过某地，人已归)
have /has gone to + 某地，  ( 已经去某地，人未归)

have been in +  since…/ for…/ How long （去某地一段时间了，表示延续，跟since…/ for…/ How long连用）
I have been to Beijing twice.
---- Where is Jim?   ---- He has gone to the library?

He has been in Australia since last year.
Topic 2

一、重点词汇
（一）词形转换
1. possible (反义词) impossible   2. rise (过去分词) rose
3. peace (形容词) peaceful   4. medicine (形容词) medical
5. difficult (名词) difficulty      6. less (反义词) more
7. excellent (近义词) great/ good      8. different (名词) difference
9. come (过去式) came (过去分词) come      10. see (过去式) saw (过去分词) seen

（二）重点短语
1. get lost 走失；迷路
2. hate to go shopping 讨厌去购物
3. hear from sb.=receive/ get a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信
4. be abroad 在国外
5. at least 至少
6. take place = happen 发生
7. China’s one-child policy 中国的独生子女政策
8. be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格
9. the population of China 中国的人口
10. live longer 活得更长
11. medical care 医疗保健
12. control the population 控制人口
13. be known / famous as 以……而闻名
14. work well in doing sth. 在做某事方面很有功效
15. have a long way to go 有很长的路要走
16. be short of 缺乏……
17. one of the greatest problems 最大的问题之一
18. be in trouble 陷入麻烦中/ 在困境中
19. prefer boys to girls 重男轻女
20. offer sb. a good education 提供某人良好的教育
21. a couple of 一些 ;几个
22. even though = even if 即使
23. have a lot of pressure 有许多压力
24. the differences between A and B A与B之间的区别
二、 重点句型
1. We got lost and couldn’t find each other. 我们走失了，互相找不到对方。
2. It seems that their living conditions were not very good. 似乎他们的生活条件不是很好。
3. It is possible that Kangkang’s father was the only child in his family.
康康的父亲有可能是他家中的独生子。
4. One answer is known as the one-child policy. 其中一项众所周知的措施是独生子女政策.
5. And even though we have made a lot of progress, we have big pollution problems in the
city.
三、重点语言点
1． ---- I really hate to go shopping. 。 ---- So do I . 我也是。
So do I .为倒装句，表示前面提到的肯定情况也同样适合另外一个主体，表“某某也一样”，结构为“so + be /情态动词/ 助动词 + 主语”。 如：
Jim is a student, so is Tom. 吉姆是一名学生，汤姆也是。
Jim can swim, so can Tom. 吉姆会游泳，汤姆也会。
Jim likes sports, so does Tom. 吉姆喜欢运动，汤姆也喜欢。
如表前面不怎样，后面“也不”怎样时，其结构为“ neither/ nor + be /情态动词/ 助动词 + 主语”。如：
Jim wasn’t Chinese, neither/ nor were they. 吉姆不中国人，他们也不是。
Jim can’t speak Japanese, neither can I . 吉姆不会说日语，我也不会。
Jim didn’t go there, neither did I . 。
如前后两句表达的是同一个主体，则不能倒装，表“的确如此”。如：
Jim is a good student. So he is. 吉姆是一名好学生，的确如此。
Jim swims well. So he does. 吉姆游泳很好，的确如此。
2．At that time, China was the country with the largest population in the world.
那时，中国是世界上人口最多的国家。
population为不可数名词，表示人口的多少只能用 “large”或 “small”修饰，提问人口用“what”, The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. 上海的人口比北京多。
What’s the population of China?= How many people are there in China?
中国的人口有多少？
3. Great changes have taken place in China. 中国发生了巨大变化。
take place 指必然性的“发生”或有计划、安排之内的“举行”。如：
The meeting will take place next Friday. 会议将在下周五举行。
happen 指偶然的、没有预料的“发生“，其结果往往给人带来不幸或麻烦。如：
The accident happened yesterday. 事故发生在昨天。
※两者都不用于被动语态。
4. The population has increased a lot. 人口增长发很多。
increase 可作及物动词也可作不及物动词。其含义是“增长，增加，加强”等。
increase by… 指“增加了……”; increase to…指 “增加到……”
5. …, and about one fifth of the people in the world live in China.
而且世界上大约五分之一的人口生活在中国。
one fifth 是分数表达法。英文分数表达法：分子为基数词，分母为序数词，先读分子后读分母。当分子大于1时，分母的序数词则变为复数，直接在词尾加“s”。如：
one fourth 四分之一； three fourths 四分之三；
one second 二分之一； two thirds 三分之二
6．It has worked well in controlling China’s population.
它在控制人口数量方面取得了显著的功效。
work well in doing sth. 表“在……方面很有功效”, 如:
Doing eye exercises works well in protecting our eyesight.
做眼保健操在保护视力方面很有功效。
7. Because of our large population, we are short of energy and water.
be short of… 表 “缺乏……”, 如:
She is always short of money at the end of every month. 每个月底她总是缺钱。
be short for… 表“是……的缩写”, 如:
TV is short for television. TV是television的缩写形式.
8. Can all Chinese families offer their children a good education?
所有的中国家庭都能给他们的的孩子提供良好的教育吗？
offer 表“（主动）给予， 提供”
offer sb. sth. “提供某人某物” 如：
I offered him a glass of wine. 我敬了他一杯酒。
offer to do sth. “（主动）提出做某事” 如：
She offered to cook for her mother. 她提出帮她妈妈煮饭。
9. I can’t go shopping in big stores unless I travel for a couple of hours.
我得花几个小时，才能到大的商场购物。
a) unless = if not 表“除非…; 如果不”，引导条件状语从句。如：
I won’t go unless I hear from you. = I won’t go if I don’t hear from you.
如果你不通知我，我就不去。
Unless Bill studies hard, he’ll fail in the exam. 如果比尔不努力, 他不会通过考试的.
b) a couple of… 表 “几个人或几件事”, 如:
a couple of years ago 几年前; a couple of students 几个学生
couple 指任何两件同类的东西; 如:
a couple of watches 两只手表； five couples of cats 五对猫
pair 指两件不可分开使用的东西,它们可指两件互不相连的东西(鞋子、袜子等)，也可指两部分构成的一件东西（裤子、剪刀等）。如：
a pair of shoes 一双鞋子 a pair of pants 一条裤子

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四、重点知识点
1. Though I had no time to travel, I still felt very happy this holiday!
though 从属连词，用来引导让步状语从句，表“虽然；尽管”，不能与but连用。如：
Though he is poor, he is happy. = He is poor, but he is happy.
2. Could you please tell me something about Chinese teenagers? Could /Would you please (not) do sth？ 请（不）做某事好吗？ 如：
Could you please turn down your radio? 请把收音机声音调低好吗？
Would you please not play football here? 请不要在这儿踢球好吗？
3. Parents couldn’t afford education for their children. 父母供不起孩子上学。
afford 常与can, could 或 be able to 连用，尤其用于否定句或疑问句，表“负担得起（做）某事；抽得出（时间）” “(can’t/ couldn’t) afford (to do) sth.” 如：
We can’t afford (to buy ) this house because we don’t have enough money.
我们买不这房了，因为我们没有足够的钱。
He felt he couldn’t afford any time to play football. 他觉得自己没有时间踢球了。
4. Our government gives support to poor families. 我们的政府能为贫困家庭提供帮助。
give support to sb.= give sb. support 为某人提供帮助/ 支持
support作动词时表“供养；支持；支撑”，如：
She had to support her family at the age of ten. 她十岁时就得养家。
His parents supported him in his decision.他的父母支持他的决定。
The two sticks support the tree. 两根木棍支撑着这棵树。
5. Why not go and search the Internet for some information?
为什么不上网查找相关信息呢？
search sp. for sth. 搜查某地寻找某物
search sb. for sth. 搜身查找某物
search for sth./ sb.= look for sth./ sb. 搜寻某物/ 某人； 如：
The villagers searched the woods for the lost children.村民们在树林里寻找失踪的孩子们。
The police searched the man for the stolen money. 警察搜那个男人的身，查找被偷的钱。
He is searching/ looking for his missing keys. 他在寻找他丢的钥匙。
6. I used to be a chilld laborer. 我以前是一个童工。
used to be/ do… 过去曾是/常做……
be used to do sth. = be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事
be/ get used to (doing ) sth. 习惯于（做）某事； 如：
I used to be a Chinese teacher. 我过去曾是一名语文老师。
I used to swim in this river. 我过去常在这条河中游泳。
Knives are used to cut things.= knives are used for cutting things. 刀子被用砍东西。
We are used to getting up earlier now. 现在我们习惯于早起。
7. We often went hungry because the boss didn’t give us enough food to eat.
我们经常挨饿，因为老板不给我们足够的食物。
在这里是系动词，表“变得…”,后跟形容词,构成系表结构. 如:
The food on the table went bad. 桌面上的食物变坏了.
8. One part was used to help support my family, to help send my elder brother to school. 一部分钱用来供养全家人,另一部分用来供哥哥上学.
a) one part…the other (part) …一部分……另一部分……
b) elder brother 哥哥
elder 作形容词时, 是old的比较级, 一般表示家庭成员出生的顺序,在句中只能作定语,可与than连用; 而older表年龄的比较,可与 than连用. 如:
His elder sister is two older than he. 他的姐姐比他大两岁.
作名词时, 表 “ 长者; 前辈; 祖先”, 如:
Their customs were handed down by the elders.
他们的风俗习惯是由他们的祖先传下来的.
9. But China has developed rapidly in recent years. 但是近年来,中国发展迅速.
in recent years 表 “近年来”,常与完成时连用. 如:
She has learnt a lot of knowledge in recent years. 近年来,她学到了许多知识.
10. China has made such rapid progress. 中国已经取得如此迅速的进步。
progress 为不可数名词 make progress 取得进步
make some/ much/ great progress 取得一些/ 许多/ 巨大的进步
11. What has happened to Beijing’s roads now? 现在北京的公路发生了什么变化？
sth. happen to sb. 某人发生了某事 ， 如：
If anything happens to him, let me know. 万一他有什么不测，就请通知我。
A little accident happened to her yesterday. 昨天她发生了点小意外。
12. They express the rich culture of China as well. 他们也表达了丰富的中国文化。
as well, too, also均表“也；又”；
as well 多用于口语，只用于句末，不用逗号隔开；
too 多用于口语，用于句末，要用逗号隔开；
also 较正式，不用于句末；
either 用于否定句，表“也不”，与too 对应。 如：
He likes sports as well. = He likes sports, too. = He also likes sports. 他也喜欢运动。
He didn’t come, either. 他也没来。

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三、重点句型
1. You have just come back from your hometown. 你刚刚从你的家乡返回。
2. There goes the bell.= The bell is ringing. 铃响了。
3. Have you spent the whole holiday working here? 你整个暑期都在那里工作吗？
4. Is that so? 真是那样吗？
5. Can you describe it in detail? 你能详细地说说吗？
6. Our job was to grow cotton.（作表语）我的工作是种植棉花。
7. I had to divide my money into two parts. 我不得不把钱分成两份。
8. He has seen the changes in Beijing himself. 他亲眼目睹了北京的变化。
9. I think it is important to remember the past, live in the present and dream about the future. 我认为记住过去、立足现在、展望未来非常重要。
10．Thanks to / Because of the government’s efforts.由于政府的努力。