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七年级英语下册全部语法知识点总结

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楼主
发表于 2020-3-12 01:47:00 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
Unit 1 Can you play the guitar?




1. 情态动词+V原  can do= be able to do



2. Play+ the+ 乐器



+球类,棋类



3. join 参加社团、组织、团体



4. 4个说的区别:



say+内容



Speak+语言



Talk 谈论 talk about sth   talk with sb   talk to sb



Tell 告诉,讲述 tell sb (not)to do sth



Tell stories/ jokes



5.  want= would like +(sb)to do sth



6. 4个也的区别:too 肯定句末 (前面加逗号)



Either否定句末(前面加逗号)



Also 行前be 后



As well 口语中(前面不加逗号)



7. be good at+ V-ing=do well in 擅长于



be good for 对…有益  (be bad for对…有害)



be good to 对…友好  (good 可用friendly,nice,kind替换)



be good with和…相处好=get>8. 特殊疑问句的构成:疑问词+一般疑问句



9. How/ what about+V-ing   …怎么样?(表建议)



10. 感官动词(look, sound, taste, smell, feel)+adj/ like



11. 选择疑问句:回答不能直接用Yes或者No,要从中选择一个回答



12. students wanted for school show(wanted表示招募,含有被动意义)



13. show sth to sb=show sb sth



give sth to sb=give sb sth



14. help sb (to)do sth



Help sb with sth



With sb’s help= with the help of sb



Help>15. be busy doing sth/ be busy with sth



16. need to do sth



17. be free= have time



18. have friends= make friends



19. call sb at +电话号码



20.on the weekend= on weekends



21. English-speaking students 说英语的学生(带有连词符,有形容词性质)



22. do kung fu表演功夫



Unit 2 What time do you go to school?




1. 问时间用what time或者when



At+钟点    at 7 o’clock



at noon/ at night(during/ in the day)



On+ 具体某天、星期、特指的一天



on April 1st   on Sunday   on a cold winter morning



In +年、月、上午、下午、晚上



2.  时间读法:顺读法



逆读法:分钟≤30用past



five past eight(8:05) half past eight(8:30)



分钟>30用to      a quarter to ten(9:45)



整点用 …o’clock     7 o’clock(7:00)



3. 3个穿的区别:



wear 表状态,接服装、手套、眼镜、香水等



Put>Dress 表动作,接sb/>



4. from…to…



5. be/ arrive late for



6. 频度副词(行前be后)



Always  usually   often   sometimes



seldom  hardly  never



7. 一段时间前面要用介词for



for half an hour    for five minutes



8. eat/ have… for breakfast/ lunch/ dinner/ supper



9. either…or



10. a lot of=lots of



11. it is +adj+for sb +to do sth (adj修饰to do sth)



It is important for me to learn English.



it is +adj+of sb +to do sth (adj修饰sb)



It is kind/ friendly/ nice of you to help me.



12. 感叹句:How+adj+主谓!



How+adj+a/an +n单+主谓!



What+ a/an +adj+ n单+主谓!



What+ adj+ n复/ 不可数+主谓!



Unit 3 How do you get to school?




1. 疑问词



How 如何(方式)



how long 多长(时间)答语常用“(For/ about +)时间段”



how far多远(距离)答语常用“(It’s +)数词 +miles/ meters/ kilometers”



how often多久一次(频率)答语常用“Always/ often/ every day/…”或 “次数+时间”等表频率的状语



How soon多快,多久以后,常用在将来时中。答语常用“in +时间段”



how many多少(接可数名词)   how much(接不可数名词)



why为什么(原因)  what什么   when何时



who谁 whom谁(宾格)(针对宾语提问也可用who)  whose谁的



2. 宾语从句要用陈述句语序



3. Stop sb from doing sth



Stop to do 停下来去做其他事



Stop doing 停止正在做的事



4. what do you think of/ about…?= how do you like…?



你认为…怎么样?



5. He is 11 years old.



He is an 11-year-old boy.



6. many students= many of the students



7. be afraid of sth     be afraid to do sth



worry about      be worried about 担心



8. play with sb



9. come true



10. have to do sth



11. he is like a father to me (like像)



12. leave离开    leave for 出发前往某地



13. cross 是动词    across是介词



14. thanks for +n/ V-ing



Thanks for your help/ thanks for helping me.



Thanks for your invitation/ thanks for inviting/ asking me.



Thanks to幸亏,由于,因为



15. 4个花费:



人+spend/ spends/ spent+时间/钱+(in)doing sth/>人+pay/ pays/ paid +钱+for sth



It takes/ took sb +时间+to do sth



物+cost/ costs/ cost +sb +钱



16. 交通方式



●用介词。在句子中做方式状语。



①by +交通工具名词(中间无需任何修饰)



By bus/ bike/ car/ taxi/ ship/ boat/ plane/ subway/ train……



②by +交通路线的位置



By land/ water/ sea/ air



③in/>In a/ his/ the car



On a/ his/ the bus/ bike/ship/ train/ horse/ motorbike



④on foot 步行



●用动词。在句子中做谓语。



①take + a/ the +交通工具名词



take a bus/ plane/ ship/ train



ride a bike



②walk/ drive/ ride/ fly to……(后面接here,there,home等地点副词时,省略介词to。)如步行回家:walk home



17. 名词所有格



(1)一般情况加’s     Tom’s pen



(2)以s结尾加’    the teachers’ office     ten days’ holiday



(3)表示几个人共同拥有,在最后一个名词后加’s



Mike and John’s desk



(4)表示每个人各自拥有,在每个名词后加’s



Mike’s and John’s desks

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沙发
 楼主| 发表于 2020-3-12 01:47:27 | 只看该作者
Unit 4 Don’t eat in class




1. 祈使句(变否定在句首+don’t)



Be型(be +表语),否定形式:don’t + be +表语



Be quiet,please.   Don’t be late!



Do型(实义动词+其他),



否定形式:don’t +实义动词+其他



Come here,please.   Don’t play football here.



Let型(let sb do sth),



否定形式:don’t + let sb do sth或者let sb not do sth



No+n/ V-ing   No photos /mobile;



No parking/ smoking/ spitting/ talking/ picking of flowers



2. in class在课堂上    in the classroom 在教室



3. be on time准时



4. listen to music



5. (have a)fight with sb



7. eat outside



8.  Must 与have to



(1)must 表示说话人主观上的看法,意为“必须”。have to 表示客观的需要或责任,意为“不得不,必须”,后接动词原词。



(2)must没有人称,时态和数的变化Have to 有人称,数,时态的变化,其第三人称单数形式为 has to ,过去式为had to. 构成否定句或疑问句时借助动词do/ does。



(3)have to的否定式是needn’t=don’t / doesn’t have to (不必要);must的否定式是must not/ mustn’t(一定不能,不允许)。



9. Some of…



10. bring…to…



11. practice (doing)sth



12. wash/ do the dishes



13.on school days/ nights



14. break/ follow(obey)the rules



15. Be strict with sb/>be strict in sth对……严格。



16. too many“太多”修饰可数名词复数



too much“太多”修饰不可数名词



much too“实在太”修饰形容词或副词



17. make one’s/ the bed



18. get to, arrive in/at, reach,到达(如果后面接地点的副词home,here或there ,就不用介词in ,at, to)



19. remember/ forget+to do要做



+doing做过



20. have fun      enjoy>have a good/ great/ wonderful time+V-ing



Unit 5 Why do you like pandas?




1. 回答why的提问要用because



2. Kind of 相当于副词,修饰形容词或副词,意为“稍微,有点”,与a little/ bit 相近



A kind of 意为“一种”,some kinds of 意为“几种”,all kinds of 意为“各种各样的”。这里的kind 是“种,类,属”的意思。



3. Why not =Why don’t you+V原   你为什么不…?



4. walk on one’s legs/ hands    on 意为“用…方式行走”



5. all day =the whole day整天



6. 来自be/ come from



where do they come from?=where are they from?



7. more than=over超过     less than 少于



8.once twice three times



9. be in great danger



10.one of…  …之一  +名词复数



11. get lost



12. with/ without  有/ 没有    介词



13. a symbol of



14. 由…制造 be made of能看出原材料



be made from 看不出原材料



be made in+地点   表产地



15. cut down 砍到



动副结构(代词必须放中间,名词可放中间或者后面)



Unit 6 I’m watching TV




1. 现在进行时



其结构为be的现在式(am, is, are)+ 现在分词(V-ing)。



否定形式在be后面加not,疑问式将be动词提前



2. 动词-ing形式的构成:



一般情况+ing;以不发音的e结尾的,去e加ing;重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写辅音字母再加ing



3. go to the movies



4. join sb for sth与某人一起做某事



join us for dinner



5. live with sb        live in+地点



6. other,another与the other



Other “其他的,另外的”,后接名词复数,有时other+n复数=others



Another “又一(个),另一(个)”,泛指总数为三个或三个以上中的任意一个,后接名词单数。



The other“(两者中的)另一个”,常与one连用,“one…the other…”表示“一个…,另一个…”



7. talk on the phone



8. wish to do sth



9. Here is+ n单 Here are+ n 复



Unit 7 It’s raining!




1. 询问天气的表达方式:



How’s the weather?



It’s a raining/sunny day.     It’s raining.



What’s the weather like?    It’s windy.



2. play computer games



3. How’s it/ everything going?=How have you been?



4. In/ at the park



5. Take a message for sb 替人留言



Leave a message to sb 给人留言



6. call sb back



7. right now,right away,at>8. right now现在         just now刚刚(用于一般过去式)



9. over and over again



10. the answer to the question,a key to the door,a ticket to the ball game



11. by the pool



12. summer vacation



13. go on a vacation去度假    be on a vacation在度假



14. write (a letter)to sb



15. 反意疑问句(陈述句+附加疑问句)



反意疑问句中,陈述句用的肯定,后面的附加疑问句就要用否定;相反,陈述句用的否定,附加疑问句就要用肯定。



16. adj



以-ing结尾“令人…的”exciting,interesting,relaxing



以-ed结尾“人感到…的”excited,interested,relaxed



17. in the first picture



18. dry干燥的     humid潮湿的



Unit 8 Is there a post office near here?




1. There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语.



There are +复数名词+地点状语.



谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致(就近原则)。



There be句型的否定式在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同:not是副词,no为形容词,not a/an/any + n. 相当于no+ n.



There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首



There be表示“某处存在某物或某人”;have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”



2. 问路:



①Is/ Are there ……near here/ around here/ in the neighborhood?



②Where is/ are……?



③How can I get to……?



④Could/Can you tell me the way to……



⑤Which is the way to……



3. Across,cross,through,over



Across是介词,“横过,在对面”表示从物体表面穿过



Cross是动词,相当于go/ walk across



Through是介词,表示从物体中间或里面穿过 go through the door



Over是介词,“横过,越过”表示从物体上空越过,跨过 fly over



4. ask for help/ advice



5. in/ on the street



6. 在某条大街上习惯用介词on   on Bridge Street



7. across from,next to,between…and…,behind



8. in front of在…(外部的)前面→behind在…后面    in the front of在…(内部的)前面



9. be in town→be out of town



10. be far from



11. go/ walk along    go straight     go up/ down



12. turn left/right



13. on one’s/ the left



14. at the first crossing/ turning



15. sometimes 有时(频度副词)



sometime(将来)有朝一日,(曾经)某天



Some times 几次,几倍



some time 一段时间(前面用介词for)



16. free 空闲的  free time



自由的  as free as a fish



免费的  The best things in life are free.



17. enjoy doing



18. Time goes quickly.



19. 表“一些”在肯定句中用some. 在疑问句和否定句中用any。



特殊用法:some可用于表示盼望得到对方肯定的答复或表示建议、委婉请求的疑问句中。



any也可用于肯定句中,表示"任何的"。
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板凳
 楼主| 发表于 2020-3-12 01:47:53 | 只看该作者
Unit 9 What does he look like ?




1. what does he look like?询问人长什么样



回答:



①主语+be+形容词/ 介词短语(he is tall/ of medium height);



②主语+have/has+形容词+名词(she has long hair)



what does sb like?询问某人喜欢什么



2. 多个形容词修饰名词



多个形容词修饰名词,一般关系近的靠近名词;音节少的在前,音节多的在后。



限定词+数词(序前基后)+描绘性形容词+大小、长短、高低+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词



3. May be 为情态动词+动词原形,在句子中做谓语,maybe是副词,表示可能,大概,一般放在句首。



4. a little,little修饰不可数名词,a little表示一点点,little表示几乎没有



a few,few修饰可数名词,a few表示一点点,few表示几乎没有



5. Find 强调找到的结果,look for 强调寻找的过程



6. 问职业:what do you do?=what is your job?



7. the same as→be different



8. long straight brown hair



9. 最后:



in the end(表事情结局)



finally(强调次序)



at last(强调经多番努力终于达成)



By the end of 直到……为止



At the end of在……末端/尽头



Unit 10 I’d like some noodles




1. 名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词(不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数)。



可数名词又分单数和复数。



①一般+s;



②以-s,-x,-ch,sh结尾的名词+es;



③辅音+y,把y变i,再+es;



④以-o结尾的,有生命的+es(negro—negroes;hero—heroes;tomato—tomatoes;potato—potatoes);无生命的+s;



⑤以f,fe 结尾的名词,改f,fe为v+es(leaf—leaves;knife—knives)(例外:roofs,chiefs)



⑥单复数同形:sheep,deer.不规则变化:man—men;woman—women;child—children;foot—feet;tooth—teeth等



2. would like sth. 想要某物



Would you like some …? 你想要一些……吗?——Yes, please./ ——No, thanks.



would like to do sth. “想要做某事”。



Would you like to … ? 你愿意去做……吗?



—Yes, I’d like / love to./—I’d like/ love to. But I’m too busy.



would like sb to do sth “想要某人做某事”。



3. order:



order food    take/ have>In order to为了



In the order按顺序



Order/ book a room 预定房间



Order sb(not)to do sth命令



4. special和especial



Special特别的人或事物,特别的,特殊的,specials特色菜;specially专门地,特地



Especial特别的,突出的,especially特别,尤其



5. the number of表示“……的数量”,后面接可数名词复数。做主语时,主语是number而不是of后面的名词复数,因此谓语动词要用单数;



a number of表示“许多”,相当于many, 后面接可数名词复数,做主语时,主语不是number而是of后面的名词复数,因此谓语动词要用复数。



Number前可用large,great,small修饰,不能用little。



6. 仍然,还:still(肯定句)



Yet(疑问句、否定句)



7.one bowl of two bowls of



8. what size(+n)would you like?



Large/ medium/ small



9. what kind of



10. 大:



big 体格大、笨重→small,little 形容具体的人或物



Huge物体体积巨大=very big



Large物体面积、空间、范围、数量大→small    不修饰人



Great重大事件或行为,伟大,具有感情色彩



11. 肯定句中表并列用and



否定句、疑问句中表并列用or



12. around the world= all over the world



13. make a wish



14. blow out



15. in/ at>16. get popular



17. cut up(动副结构)



18. bring good luck to



19. different kinds of



20. be short of   缺乏



Unit 11 How was your school trip ?




1. 一般过去时



基本结构:主语+动词过去式+其他;



否定形式:①was / were + not; ②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原动词;



一般疑问句:①Was/Were+主语+其他?②Did+主语+动词原形+其他?



2. 动词过去式规则变化:直接加ed;以不发音e结尾的单词,直接加d;以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i加ed;以元音字母+y结尾的,直接加ed;以重读闭音节结尾的,双写最后的辅音字母+ed



不规则变化的动词过去式(见书本最后一页)



3. How was your school trip?= what was your school trip like?



4. Go for a walk



5. Milk a cow



6. Ride a horse



7. Quite a lot



8. Show sb around



9. 并列谓语的时态和数必须一致。



10. In the countryside



11. after that



12. come out



13. go on school trip



14. along the way



15. buy/ get sb sth= buy/ get sth for sb



16. all in all



17. 否定转移(主语为第一人称I 或者we时)think,believe,suppose



18. be interested in +n/ v-ing



19. not at all



20. diary entry



21. Something意为“某事,有些事”;



anything意为“任何事,任何东西”;



everything意为“每一件事”(其后的谓语动词要用单数)



nothing意为“没事,什么事都没有”。



Unit 12 What did you do last weekend ?




1. go+V-ing与do some +V-ing



go+V-ing表示“去从事某种活动”(一般指户外)



go shopping/ swimming/ skating/ dancing/ skiing/ climbing/ camping/ hiking……



do some +V-ing 表示“从事某种活动”(一般指室内)do some writing/ washing/ cooking/ cleaning/ reading……



2. go to the cinema



3. camp by the lake



4. study for a test     study for the English test



5. work as a guide



6. living habits



7. stay up late



8. shout at sb 因生气或愤怒向某人吼叫



shout to sb 对某人大声叫喊,目的是让人听见



9. run away



10. fly a kite



11. adj修饰不定代词 adj要放后面



something important,anything interesting



12. take sb to…  带某人去……



13. put up tents



14. make a fire



15.on the first night



16. each other



17. get a terrible surprise



18. finish doing



19. look out of…从……朝外看(window,door……)



look out at sth 向外眺望……



look out for 留神、注意、小心、关心



20. feel/ watch/ see/ hear sb do sth强调整个过程



feel/ watch/ see/ hear sb doing sth强调动作正在进行



21. jump up and down



22. wake up



23. so +adj +that +结果状语从句“如此……以致……”



eg:I was so busy that I didn’t go to sleep for 3 days.



The weather was so cold that they had to stay at home.



The coat is so expensive that I don’t want to buy it.



so that 引导目的状语从句,以便,为了(in order to)



eg:they got up early so that they could catch the early bus.

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