新目标八年级下册英语《Unit10 I have had this bike for three years》导学案

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新目标八年级下册英语《Unit10 I have had this bike for three years》导学案
Unit 10 I have had this bike for three years.
第一课时Section A （1a-2d）
第一课时Section A (1a-2d)       
学习目标       
1.掌握P73—P74的单词。
2.听懂谈论拥有某物多长时间的话题，运用since，for 谈论自己的个人物品。
重难点       
听懂谈论拥有某物多长时间的话题，运用since，for 谈论自己的个人物品。
自主预习
一.预习导学
1. 根据音标学习新单词，并记住中文意思。  
2.跟小组长读重点单词短语，并结对抽说中文意思。
3.小组讨论1a和2d.
二.翻译下列短语。
1.赠送；捐赠_______               2.玩具熊____________
3.卖旧东西____________            4.more than_______
5.sweet memory/memories__________  6.not anymore_______
7.how much_______                 8.面包机_______
9.a bit (old) _______                 10.两个/少数几个_______
合作探究
1.You can also give old things away to people in need.你可以把旧东西捐赠给需要的人。
in need需要的；贫困的；困境中的。
A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难之交才是真正的朋友。
a charity that raises money for women and children in need [=who are poor]一个为贫困妇女儿童募捐的慈善机构
2.—Why are you selling it?你为什么要卖掉它（那本书）呢？
—Because I don’t read it anymore.因为我不再看了。
anymore（不）再;再也（不）not anymore
She used to live there, but she doesn't live there anymore. =she doesn't live there any longer; she doesn't live there now
I never see them anymore. 我再也没见到他们了。
萨利不再住在这儿。Sally ______live here ______.
她告诉他不要再给她打电话。She told him_____ to phone her _____.
3.—How long have you had that bike over there?那边的那辆自行车你买了多长时间                        了？
—I’ve had it for three years! 我已经买了三年了。
4.I’ve had this magazine for a couple of months.
a couple of两个;几个two or a few things

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达标检测
一.用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.I_______ already  ________（see）the film. I  ______（see） it last week.
2. --_______  he  ________ （finish）his work today?--Not yet..
3. My father_______ just______（come） back from work. He is tired now.
4.-- Where’s Li Ming?   --“He ________（go）to the teacher’s office.”
5. Shanghai _______（be） a small town hundreds of years ago.
Now it _______（become）a large city.
6 .I _______（work）here since I _____（move）here in 1993.
7. So far I ______  （make）quiet a few friends here.
8. How long ______ the Wang’s __________（ stay）here.
二．单项选择。
(  )1. —I can sing the song in English.  —_______.
A. So I can   B. So can I   C. I can so   D. Too can I
(  )2.  -- Why don’t you buy one of the scarves for your mum?  --They are not _______.
A. beautiful enough  B. enough beautiful  C. too beautiful  D. beautifully enough
(  )3.  The food in the restaurant is good______ the price is too______.
A. and high   B. but   high   C. but expensive  D. because  low
(  )4.  I think a dog is a good pet for ________ child.
A. a 6-year-old   B. an 6-year-old   C. a 6-year old   D. a 6 years-old
(  )5. Everyone should do _____best to win the match.  
A. one’s   B. the  C. his   D. their
(  )6. —Where is Bruce?  Is he at home?—I think he _____ school.
A .has gone       B. has been   C. has gone to      D. has been to
(  )7.—I have never been to European countries. What about you?  —_____.
A. So do I      B. So have I    C. Neither do I    D. Neither have I
(  )8. Yesterday he _____ to work, so he wasn’t late.
A. by taxi   B. by a taxi       C. take a taxi   D. took a taxi
(  )9.—How long have you studied English?  —_____.
A. For 5 years    B.5 years ago     C. Since 5 years    D.5 years before
(  )10. Has the train _____ yet?
A. got to       B. reached    C. arrived    D. arrived at
总结反思
我的收获：                                                        
我的失误：                                                         
课后作业
完成《学练优》Unit 10 第一课时部分。

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第二课时Section A （3a- 3c）
学习目标       
1.学习P75的生词。
2.能够掌握本课出现的重点短语和句子。
3.能从阅读中获得个人物品的相关信息。能运用简单的阅读策略获取信息。
重难点       
能从阅读中获得个人物品的相关信息。能运用简单的阅读策略获取信息。
自主预习
1.父亲写的文章  _____________               2.成长得快_________________
3.初级中学_________________                 4.seems to get smaller ________________
5.a lot of things_________________              6.决定做某事_________________
7.no longer________________                   8.起初；一开始___________
9.play with sth. ____________                   10. clear out_________
11.从他四岁生日那天起_______________        12.part with________________
13.说实话/说实在的________________           14.do with sth. ________________
合作探究
1.I have not played for a while now. 现在我已经有一段时间没踢足球了。
【观察】
a.How long has his son owned the train and railway set? He’s owned it since his fourth birthday. 他的儿子拥有那套轨道火车多长时间了？从他四岁生日那天起就有了。
b.We have had a piano since last November. We bought it from the Li family when they moved to the US last year.从去年11月起我们就有一架钢琴了。去年李先生一家搬到美国时我们从他们那里买的。
c.How long have you had the camera? I’ve had it since 2009. 这部相机你买多久了？从2009年起我就买了。
【小结】
现在完成时态：延续性动词have, own可以同“一段时间”连用，表示过去已经开始并持续到现在的动作或状态。eg. They’ve learned English for five years.
非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。eg. I haven't heard from him for three weeks.
1.We have decided to each sell five things we no longer use.我们决定每个人出售五件不再使用的物品
no longer= not any longer
2.My daughter was more understanding, although she also felt sad to part with certain toys.我女儿比较懂事，尽管失去某些玩具她也感到难过
part with(something) :to give up control of (something)放弃，交出（尤指不舍得的东西）
It’s not easy to ____ _____ one’s favorite things. 放弃自己最喜爱的东西是不容易的。
certain  adj. 某人；某事；某种
_______people are always late for work.某些人上班总是迟到。
3.As for me, I did not want to give up my football shirts, but, to be honest, I have not played for a while now.
as for至于，关于
as for至于，关于
honest adj.说真话的;诚实的/正直的。反义词dishonest。
They are honest people. 他们是诚实的人。
an honest answer 一个诚实的回答
_____ ______ _______, I don't like him very much. 说实话，我不太喜欢他。
while n. a while 一段时间;一会儿
They walked on in silence for a while.他们默默地走了一会儿。
It took them a while to find out what was causing the problem.他们花了一阵子才查明是什么导致这个问题
最后他能够休息一会儿。At last, he could relax for ____ _______.

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达标检测  
单项选择。
(  )1.— _________ have you been in the sports club?
—Since the first month I came to the school.
A.How old       B. How long     C. How much           D. How soon
(  )2.—Look! Who’s ____ boy over there?
—Oh, he is my cousin Bob. He is ______ honest boy.
A. a; the            B. the; an                    C. the; a
(  )3.—I’m sorry to have kept you waiting long
—Never mind. I _____ here for only a few minutes.
A. have been         B. have come      C. have arrived     D. waited
(  )4.You are too late. The film _____since half an hour ago.
A. has begun         B. has been on         C. began        D. begin
(  )5.Tom ____ a lot of friends since he came to China last year.
A. made        B. makes         C. is making       D. has made
(  )6.They _____ for nearly two months
    A. married        B. have married    C. have been married    D. have got married
总结反思
我的收获：                                                        
我的失误：                                                         
课后作业
完成《学练优》Unit 10 第二课时部分。

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第三课时 Section A  (Grammar Focus-4c)
学习目标
1.学习P76的生词。
2.掌握Grammar Focus中的句子。
3.掌握现在完成时中延续性动词的用法。
重难点
掌握现在完成时中延续性动词的用法。
自主预习
熟记语法聚焦内容
How long have you had that bike over there?        I’ve had it for three years.
How long has his son owned the train and railway set?        He’s owned it since his fourth birthday.
Have you ever played football?        Yes, I did when I was little, but I haven’t played for a while now.

合作探究
现在完成时（三）
表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示“从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间状语”连用，如“for + 时间段”、“since + 过去时间点”、“since + 过去时的从句”、“since + 一段时间 + ago”。且for与since引导的时间状语可以相互转换。
e.g.  My uncle has worked at this factory for ten years.
= My uncle has worked at this factory since ten year ago.
I’ve lived here since 1990．
自从1990年以来我就住在这里。   
I haven’t seen him for three years.
我三年没有看见他了。
She’s been at this school since five years ago.   
自从五年前以来她就在这个学校。
歌诀：含有for，since的现在完成时的用法歌诀:
过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，for,since把时间带
句中动词的特点
此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词（否定句除外）
1.这本书我买了5年了。I’ve had the book for five years.
2. 你哥哥参军多长时间了？How long has your brother been in the army/been a soldier?
非延续性动词和延续性动词之间的转换
1. 转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。
borrow — keep  buy — have  put on — wear
catch a cold — have a cold  get to know — know
get to sleep — sleep
2. 转化为“be + 形容词/副词/介词/名词”
begin / start — be on    go out — be out      close — be closed
open — be open        get to/arrive/reach — be (in)
die — be dead         leave — be away     finish — be over
fall sleep — be asleep   join — be in/be a member of
become — be          make friends — be friends
come/go — be + 相 应的介词短语
达标检测
单项选择。
（ ）1. —Have you ever been to an aquarium? —No, _____.
A. I have   B. I am not  C. I haven’t  D. I hasn’t
（ ）2. —I’ve never been to a water park. — _______
A. Me, too  B. Me, neither.   C. Me also.    D. Me both.
（ ）3. Has the train _____ yet?
A.got to   B.reached     C.arrived     D.arrived at
（ ）4.The teacher asked _____.
A.what’s your name     B.what was your name
C.what your name is     D.what your name was
（ ）5.—Do you mind if I stay here a little longer?  —_____.
A.No, you can’t B.Yes, you may  C.Certainly not  D.Yes, not at all
（ ）6.How long has his brother _____ the book?
A.kept      B.bought        C.lent        D.borrowed
（ ）7.I’ve never seen such a fine picture _____.
A.ago     B.before       C.yet      D.later
（ ）8.—Has the foreigner been to many interesting places in Beijing?
—Yes, but he has not _____been to many other parts of China.
A.already    B.still       C.yet      D.never
总结反思
我的收获：                                                        
我的失误：                                                         
课后作业
完成《学练优》Unit 10 第三课时部分。

ljalang

第四课时Section B （1a—1d）
学习目标       
1.学习P77的生词和短语。
2.能掌握并灵活运用本课所学的知识谈论家乡的变化。
重难点       
现在完成时的用法
自主预习
翻译下列短语
1.一个博物馆__________________ 2.一所小学___________________
3.镇图书馆____________________ 4.至少_______________________
合作探究
1.It’s been around for at least 20 years.它（音乐厅）至少已经存在20年了。
been around 出现；现有；可用  
（1）around作副词，可表示“在周围；在附近“。如：
He looked around and saw a noisy square not far from here.
(2) around 作副词，表示“大约”，相当于about。如：
The trip cost me around 50 dollars.
(3) around作介词，意为“在各处；遍及;环绕”，相当于round。如：
She is going to travel around the world.
达标测评
单项选择。
(  )1.There are two books on the desk, but____of them is interesting。
A.none      B.neither     C.both      D.all
(  )2.—Have you ever _______ to the Summer Palace, Lily?   —No, I _______.
A.gone,hasn’t  B.gone,haven’t  C.been,haven’t  D.been,hasn’t
(  ) 3.I have ________ the book for three days.
A.borrowed      B.lent         C.bought       D.kept
(  ) 4.Neither her brother nor she _________ a dictionary.
A.has        B.have       C.get        D.need
(  ) 5. Mike doesn’t know French. And        .
  　 A.so do I   B.so am I   C. neither do I   D. neither am I
(  )6. John        Beijing. He is still there.
A. has been to   B. has gone to   C. go to    D. goes to
(  )7. --May I speak to John?   --Sorry, he        Japan. But he        in two days.
A.has been to;will come back      B.has gone to;will be back
C.has been in;would come back     D.has gone to; won`t  come back
(  )8.--When       his grandpa       ？-- Three years ago.
      A. has; died     B. is; dead     C. did; die    D. is; died
总结反思
我的收获：                                                        
我的失误：                                                         
课后作业
完成《学练优》Unit 10 第四课时部分。

ljalang

第五课时 Section B(2a-2e)
学习目标
1.学习P78-P79的生词。
2.掌握2b短文中的语言点。
3.现在完成时中延续性动词的用法。
重难点
1.掌握2b短文中的语言点。
2.现在完成时中延续性动词的用法。
自主预习
翻译下列短语
1. _____________离开农村              2. search for work_____________
3. millions of Chinese_____________      4._____________回家
5.一位46岁的父亲_____________       6. with great interest_____________
7. the last 13 years_____________         8. 20世纪中期_____________
9.我原来的小学校____________         10.学会阅读和数数_____________
11.依然如故/保持不变_____________    12. according to _____________
13. _____________学校对面             14. ____________________在暑假期间
15. _________________这样的发展       16.一起玩耍_____________
17.soft and sweet memories____________  18.一年一两次_____________
合作探究
1.Nowadays, millions of Chinese leave the countryside to search for work in the cities.
search用作不及物动词时，意为“搜索；搜查”。短语search for 意 为“搜寻，找寻”。
e.g. He is searching for his sunglasses.他正在找他的太阳镜。
2. Among these is Zhang Wei, a 46-year-old husband and father.
among 在三者或三者以上之间。
e.g. Tom sits among the students.  汤姆坐在学生之间。
between 在两者之间
e.g. Tom sits between Mary and Frank.  汤姆坐在玛丽和弗兰 克之间。
a 46-year-old husband and father意为“一位46岁的丈夫和父亲”，相当于a husband and father of 46years old.
four-year-old 是一个复合形容词，特点“一是数词、名词、形容词之间要用连字符连接，二是数词后的名词用单数形式。
e.g. Tom is a 10-year-old boy.= Tom is a boy of 10 years old. 汤姆是一个10岁的男孩。
Lily is an 8-year-old girl. 莉莉是一个8岁的女孩
3…It’s a shame, but I just don’t have the time,…
shame 不可数名词，意为“羞耻；羞愧；惭愧” 与a连用，表示“可耻的人或事；可惜（遗憾）的事”。
e.g. He felt no shame for what he had done. 他对自己所做过的事不感到羞愧。
   It’s a shame (that) you can’t stay for dinner. 你不能留下来吃晚饭，真遗憾。
【拓展】相关短语：to one’s shame 令人感到羞愧的是  feel shame at …因••••••而感到羞愧   in shame 羞愧的   have no shame无羞耻心
4. Many people like Zhong Wei regard with great interest how their hometowns have changed.  
regard 及物动词，意为“将••••••认为；把••••••视为”。常用短语regard…as…意为“将••••••视为••••••；把••••••当做••••••”，as 为介词，其后接名词或代词。
e.g. I regard you as my best friend.  我把你当做我最好的朋友。
   We regard him as our brother. 我们把他当成兄弟看待。
5. Children have learned to read and count at my old primary school since the mid-20th century.
century可数名词，意为“世纪；百年”，其复数形式为centuries。
e.g. The mid-20th century 意为“20世纪中期”
eighteenth-century writer 18世纪的作家。
A hundred years is a century. 一百年是一个世纪。
6. According to Zhong Wei, however, some things will never change.
according to 意为“依照，按照”，to为介词，后接名词、代词或从句
e.g. He divided them into three groups according to age. 他把他们按年龄分成三组。
7. Most of the children in my time liked to play together under that big tree, especially during the summer holidays.
especially 副词，意为“尤其；特别；格外”，在句中作状语，用于列举某个特例或某事物的特殊性。形容词为especial“特别的，特殊的”。
e.g. Flowers are always welcomed, especially in winter. 鲜花总是受到欢迎，尤其是冬天。
8. consider 动词，意为“考虑”，相当于think about，后跟名词，代词，动名词，宾语从句或“疑问词+不定式”。
e.g. Please consider my suggestion.请考虑我的建议。
   I am considering changing my job.我正在考虑换份工作。
   He has never considered how to solve the problem他从未考虑过如何解决那个问题。
9. in my opinion
in one’s opinion=in the opinion of sb. 意为“依••••••看”。
e.g. In my opinion, it’s best to make some cards for our teachers.依我看，最好给我们的老师做些卡片。
10. hold
hold及物动词，意为“拥有；抓住”，过去式和过去分词均为held
e.g. He holds a major share in the company. 他持有该公司的大部分股份。
   He is holding a book in her hand. 她手里正拿着一本书。
【拓展】hold用作及物动词，还可意为“举行；主持”，相当于have
e.g. They will hold a meeting to discuss this problem tomorrow.