【拓展2】lie及lay一词多义
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记忆口诀：规则撒谎，不规则躺；躺过下蛋，下蛋不规则。 |
(2). rest此处用作动词，表示“休息”，rest也可以用作名词，表示“休息”
常用的短语为 “休息”：have a rest
Let’s stop working and have a rest.
....when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road.
(1). see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事，强调所看到的动作正在进行。
I saw her dancing in the park at six yesterday.
(2). see sb do sth 看到某人做了或经常做某事。
I often see her dance in the park.
The bus driver...stopped the bus without thinking twice.
think twice意为“再三考虑、权衡利弊”。
You should think twice before you make the final decision.
【拓展】think的相关短语
think about 思考、考虑
think of 想起、认为
think over 仔细考虑
Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the man was saved by the doctors in time.
(1). thanks to表示“多亏、由于”，后接名词或代词，作原因状语，相当于because of。
Thanks to the warm and sunny weather, oranges grow well here.
(2).in time “及时”强调正好赶上事先约定的时间，没有迟到。
I am just in time for the plane.
【拓展】on time “按时”指按计划做某事，强调不迟到，不早不晚。
Please hand in your homework on time.
The old man had a heart problem and needed to go to the hospital right away.
right away意为“立刻、马上”，相当于at once或者right now。
What’s the matter?
What’s the matter意为“怎么了？出什么事了？”，常用来询问对方遇到什么麻烦或者有什么不顺心的事，后接with sb./sth.表示“某人/某物怎么了” 。可以表示“你怎么了？”的句子有：
(1). what’s wrong with you?
(2). what’s up?
(3).what happened to you?
(4). what’s going on?
(5). is that what you got?
Yeah, I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.
without用作介词，表示“无、没有”，后接名词、代词或者动名词，反义词是with。
They left without saying goodbye.
We can’t live without air and water.
【section B核心考点归纳】
As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks.
(1). as用作介词，表示“作为、身为”。
As a student, you should study hard.
(2). 辨析：used to do sth；be used to do sth；与 be /get used to doing sth
used to do sth. | | used to do 常常过； be used to do 被用做； be used to doing 习惯做 |
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be /get used to doing sth. | |
The boy used to play computer games.
More and more wood（木材） is used to make paper.
His father is used to watching TV before going to bed.
(3) risk表示“冒险时”，既可以作名词，也可以作动词，作名词常和动词take连用，take a risk“冒险”；作动词时，后接动名词作宾语。
The fireman took the risk of losing his life and saved the boy from the burning building.
There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents.
because of意为“因为，由于”，后跟名词短语。
在句中常和because引导的原因状语从句连用，不过because后面跟句子。
We can’t go out because it rains heavily.=We can’t go out because of the heavy rain.
—Did you have a sports meeting yesterday?
—No, we didn’t. It was put off because of the heavy rain.
After losing his arm, he wrote a book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place.
called此处为动词的过去分词作定语，意为“被称为、被叫作”，与named同义。
This is a book named/called Journey to the West.
The Greens have a daughter named/called Kate.
In this book, Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions, and of being in control of one’s life.
(1)make a decision或者make decisions表示“做出决定”。
They are expecting you to make a decision.他们期待你来做出决定。
(2)in control of意为“控制、管理”。
Who is in control of the project (项目)?
(3). the importance of sth/doing sth. （做）某事的重要性
Most students don’t know the importance of studying hard.
Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today.
give up表示“放弃”，后接名词、代词或者动名词作宾语。
Don't give up your dream easily.
He has given up playing computer games.
have problems breathing
have problems (in) doing sth. 意为“做某事有问题/麻烦”，相当于：
have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.。
She has problems (in) riding a bike.
Aron loves mountain climbing and doesn’t mind taking risks.
① mind doing sth. 介意做某事
Would you mind opening the window please?
② mind sb’s/sb doing sth. 介意某人做某事
Do you mind my/me calling you at night?
He was not ready to die that day.
① be/get ready for sth.“为……做准备”
The students are reviewing (复习) lessons to get ready for the coming final exams.
② be/get ready to do sth.“准备做某事、乐意做某事”
The kind girl is ready to help anyone in trouble.
But when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. (1)run out意为“用尽、用完”，后接宾语时，需要加上介词of。
They ran out of their money.
(2) 动词不定式短语to save his own life在句子作目的状语。动词不定式构成的目的状语可位于句首，用逗号与主句隔开，也可以位于谓语动词之后。
To learn Japanese, she went to Japan.
You should work hard to get good grades.
Someone felt sick.
sick用作形容词，意为“生病的、有病的”，可以作定语或者表语，而ill表示“生病的”，只能用作表语。
I have to look after my sick grandpa. sick在此处作定语。
The old woman is seriously sick/ill. ill在此处作表语。
Then, with his left arm, he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood.
(1) so that引导目的状语从句，用以说明主句动作的目的，可以与in order that互换，从句经常会出现表示“能够的情态动词”，如can, could, may, might, will, would等。
We started early so that we could catch the first train.
He studies hard so that he could find a good job in the future.
We used the computer in order that we might save time.
(2) too much用来修饰不可数名词或者动词，much too用来修饰形容词或者副词。
There is too much pollution today.
The doctor asked him to lose weight because he was much too fat.
His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience.
(1) 在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是: “...so + 形容词（副词）+ that + 从句”。
He was so glad that he couldn’t say a word.
The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.
Grandmother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her.
(2). keep on doing sth.意为“继续做某事”，强调继续或者重复做某事。
You shouldn’t keep on thinking about it.
This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of.
seem用作系动词，表示“似乎、好像”，常用的结构有：seem+adj./to be/that+句子。
The story seems true.
What he said seemed to be a lie.
It seems that they are going to work all weekend.
发表于 2021-3-9 08:33:29
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