【中考一轮教材】 八年级(上)Units 9—10

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年级(上)Units 9—10

教材基础知识梳理

重 点 单 词[来源:学*科*网]	A.根据首字母提示写单词。 1.available adj.有空的；可获得的 2.catch v．及时赶上；接住；抓住 ★3.invite v．邀请　 ★4.accept v．接受 ★5.refuse v．拒绝 6.weekday n．工作日(星期一至星期五的任何一天) 7.preparation n．准备；准备工作 8.concert n．音乐会；演奏会 9.event__ n．大事；公开活动；比赛项目 [来源:学.科.网] 10.meeting n．会议；集会；会面 ★11.advice n．劝告；建议 [来源:学§科§网Z§X§X§K] ★12.unless conj.除非；如果不 13.wallet n．钱包 ★14.careless adj.粗心的；不小心的 15.mistake n．错误；失误 ★16.himself pron.他自己[来源:学.科.网Z.X.X.K] 17.solve v．解决；解答 18.trust v．相信；信任 19.else adv.别的；其他的
	B.根据汉语提示写单词。 20.__prepare__ v．使做好准备； 把……准备好　　　 21.__exam__ n．考试　 22.__flu__ n．流行性感冒；流感 (2013百色82题) ★23.__until__ conj.& prep.到……时；直到……为止 (2014百色77题) 24.__hang__ v．悬挂；垂下 25.__invitation__ n．邀请；请柬 26.__reply__ v．回答；答复　 27.__delete__ v．删除 28.__print__ v．打印；印刷 ★29.__sad__ adj.(令人)悲哀的；(令人)难过的 ★30.__without__ prep.没有；不(做某事) ★31.__surprised__ adj.惊奇的；感觉意外的 32.__calendar__ n．日历；日程表 33.__organize__ v．组织；筹备 34.__taxi__ n．出租汽车；的士 35.__teenager__ n．(13～19岁的)青少年 36.__normal__ adj.正常的；一般的 37.__certainly__ adv.无疑；肯定；当 然；行 ★38.__angry__ adj.发怒的；生气的 39.__understanding__ adj.善解人意的；体谅人的 ★40.__careful__ adj.小心的；细致的；精心的；慎重的 ★41.__advise__ v．劝告；建议 42.__experience__ n．经验；经历
词 汇 拓 展	1.prepare v．→__preparation__ n．准备；准备工作 2.available adj.→__free__ (同义词)有空的 3.catch v．→__caught__ (过去式/过去分词)及时赶上；接住；抓住 4.invite v．→__invitation__ n．邀请；请柬 5.sad adj.→__sadness__ n．悲哀；忧伤 6.with prep.→__without__(反义词)没有；不(做某事) 7.surprised adj.→__surprise__ v．& n．(使)惊奇 →__surprising__ adj.令人惊奇的 8.open v．& adj.→__opening__ n．开幕式；落成典礼 9.meet v．→__meeting__ n．会议；集会；会面 10.organize v．→__organization__ n．组织；机构；团体 11.advise v．→__advice__ n．劝告；建议 12.normal adj.→__normally__ adv.正常地；一般地 13.certain adj.→__certainly__ adv.无疑；肯定；当然；行 14.angry adj.→__angrily__ adv.愤怒地；生气地 15.understand v．→__understanding__ adj.善解人意的；体谅人的 16.careful adj.→__carefully__ adv.仔细地 →__careless__(反义词)粗心的；不小心的 →__carelessly__ adv.粗心地 17.solve v．→__solution__ n．解决方案 18.experience n．→__experiences__ pl.经历 →__experienced__ adj.有经验的
重 点 短 语	1.__prepare__for__ 为……做准备 2.__go__to__the/a__doctor__ 去看医生 3.__have__the__flu__ 患上流感 4.__another__time__ 其他时间；别的时间 5.__hang__out__ 闲逛；常去某处 6.__the__day__before__yesterday__ 前天 7.__the__day__after__tomorrow__ 后天 8.__look__after__ 照料；照顾 9.__accept__an__invitation__ 接受邀请 10.turn down__拒绝__ 11.take a trip__去旅行__ 12.help out__(帮助……)分担工作、解决难题__ 13.look forward to__盼望；期待__ 14.hear from__接到(某人的)信、电话等__ 15.give sb.some advice__给某人一些建议__ 16.keep…to oneself__保守秘密__ 17.make careless mistakes__犯粗心的错误__ 18.in half__分成两半__
重 点 句 型	1.I'm not __available__．我没空。 2．Sam __isn't__ leaving __until__ next Wednesday.萨姆要一直待到下周三才走。 3．Can you __hang__ __out__ with us on Monday night？星期一晚上你能和我们出去闲逛吗？ 4．My family is__taking__ __a__ __trip__ to Wuhan at the end of this month to visit my aunt and uncle.我全家准备在这个月底去武汉旅行，拜访我的姑姑和姑父。 5．To show __how__ __much__ we're going to miss her，let's __have__ a surprise party for her next Friday the 28th.为了表示我们会有多么想念她，让我们在下周五28号为她举行一个聚会，给她一个意外惊喜。 6．Bring Ms.Steen to the party __without__ __telling__ her so that she can be __surprised__．把斯蒂恩女士带来参加聚会而不要告诉她，以便让她感到惊喜。 7．I __look__ __forward__ __to__ __hearing__ from you all.我盼望着收到你们所有人的来信。 8．If you go to the party，you'll __have__ __a__ __great__ __time__！假如你去参加派对，你会玩得很开心！ 9．Can you give me__some__ __advice__？你能给我一些建议吗？ 10．Sometimes they __have__ __problems__ __with__ their schoolwork.有时候他们有功课方面的难题。 11．__Unless__ we talk to someone，we'll certainly feel worse.除非我们与人交谈，否则必然会感觉更糟。 12．Her dad said he sometimes __made__ __careless__  __mistakes__  himself.他父亲说他自己有时候也会犯一些粗心的错误。 13．They got her a new wallet and asked her __to__ __be__ __more__ __careful__．他们给她买了一个新钱包并告诉她要更加小心。 14．It is best not to __run__ __away__ __from__ our problems.最好不要逃避我们所面对的问题(困难)。 15．Sharing a problem is like __cutting__ it __in__ __half__．分享问题(困难)就像把它一分为二。 16．So you're halfway __to__ __solving__ a problem just by talking to someone about it！你只要跟人聊聊这个问题，你就已经解决了问题的一半！
交 际 用 语	◇发出、接受和拒绝邀请： 1．—Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon？星期六下午你能参加我的聚会吗？ —Sure，I'd love to./Sorry, I have to study for a math test.当然，我愿意去。/抱歉。我必须要为数学考试学习。 ◇谈论结果： 2．—I think I'll stay at home.我想我会待在家。 —If you do，you'll be sorry.如果你那样做的话，你会觉得遗憾。 3.—Should we ask people to bring food？我们应该让大家带食物来吗？ —If we ask people to bring food，they'll just bring potato chips and chocolate.如果我们让大家带食物来的话，他们将仅仅带来薯片和巧克力。 4．—What will happen if they have the party today？如果他们今天举行派对的话将会发生什么？ —If they have it today，half the class won't come.如果他们今天举行的话，将会有一半的人不来。
语 法	1.情态动词(can，might，should)(详见第二编P144) 2.if引导的条件状语从句
话 题	★Unit 9 Invitations(邀请) Unit 10 Decision making(做决定)

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教材重难点讲解

invite v．邀请(教材八上P67)

【点拨】其常见用法如下：

inviteinvite sb.邀请某人

invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事

invite sb.to＋sth./地点

邀请某人去……(聚会、某地等)

【拓展】invite的名词形式为invitation，意为“邀请；请柬”，常用作可数名词。常用搭配如下：

make/accept an invitation发出/接受邀请

turn down an invitation拒绝邀请

an invitation to sth.……的请柬

选择填空。

(D)1.(2018天津中考)Harry invited me ________ with him when his parents were out of town.

A．stay  B．stayed

C．staying  D．to stay

按要求填词。

2．(2019预测)I won't go to the party unless I'm __invited__(邀请)．

3．Thank you very much for your__invitation__(invite) to your birthday party.＝Thank you very much for

__inviting__(invite) me to your birthday party.

accept v．接受(教材八上P67)

【辨析】receive与accept

单词	含义	用法	例句
receive	收到； 接到	只表示客观上收到，多是收到实际的东西(礼物、信件等)；常与from连用	He received a present from his best friend yesterday.昨天他从最好的朋友那儿收到了一份礼物。
accept	接受	表示主观上(乐意)接受，多指接受抽象的东西(想法、表扬、道歉等)	She offered him a lift and he accepted (it)．她请他坐她的车，他就领情了。

注意：(1)有时用词要视语言习惯而定，而不能简单地认为receive＝收到，accept＝接受。如“接受礼物”说成英语是accept a gift，而“接受教育”却是receive an education。

(2)表示“接见；接待”时，要用receive而不用accept。如：

She was warmly received.她受到热情接待。

选择填空。

(B)1.Tina's family are worried about her because they haven't ________ letters from her for a long time.

A．accepted  B．received

C．collected  D．written

(D)2.—Could you please go to the movies with me tonight?

—Yes，I'd love to，but I've ________ Peter's invitation to a party.

A．ordered  B．received

C．sent  D．accepted

refuse v．拒绝(教材八上P67)

【点拨】refuse作动词时，其常见用法有：

(1)refuse sth.拒绝某物。如：

Amy refused his gift.埃米拒绝了他的礼物。

(2)refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事。如：

He refused to change his mind.他拒绝改变他的想法。

单词拼写。

1．Mary__refused__(拒绝) my invitation to the concert，because she had to prepare for an exam.

选择填空。

(C)2.(安全教育题)We should refuse ________ online friends because it is too dangerous.

A．meet  B．met

C．to meet  D．meeting

advise v．劝告；建议(教材八上P77)

【辨析】advise与suggest

两者都有“建议”的意思，其具体区别如下：

单词	名词形式	用法
advise	advice (不可数)	advise sb.(not)to do sth.建议某人(不)做某事 advise doing sth.建议做某事 advise sb.about sth.对某人提出关于……的建议 advise＋that从句[虚拟语气：主语＋(should)＋动词原形]建议某人做某事
suggest	suggestion (可数)	suggest sth.(to sb.)(向某人)建议某事 suggest doing sth.建议做某事 suggest＋that从句[虚拟语气：主语＋(should)＋动词原形]建议某人做某事
注：suggest作“暗示”讲时，从句中不用虚拟语气。

I advised him to leave that factory.我建议他离开那家工厂。

She suggests going to the movies this weekend.她建议这周末去看电影。

The doctor advised/suggested (that) my father (should) stop smoking.医生建议我爸爸戒烟。

【拓展】advice为不可数名词，意为“劝告；意见；建议”，其常见搭配如下：

a piece of advice一条建议/一个忠告

ask(sb.)for advice (on/about sth.)(向某人)征求

(关于……的)意见/建议

give sb.advice on sth.就某事给某人提建议

take/follow one's advice听从某人的劝告/建议

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选择填空。

(D)1.(2018南充中考)—Have you ever read the traditional story Yu Gong Moves a Mountain?

—Yes，our teacher often advises us ________ more meaningful traditional books.

A．reading  B．reads

C．read  D．to read

(C)2.Miss Gao gave me some ________ on how to learn English well.

A．news  B．suggestion

C．advice  D．message

用所给词的适当形式填空。

3．The monitor made a good __suggestion__(suggest) at the meeting.

4．Ask your teacher's __advice__ (advise) on how to prepare for the exam.

Oh，but Sam isn't leaving until next Wednesday.噢，但是萨姆直到下周三才离开。(教材八上P66)

【点拨】until在本句中用作介词，意为“直到……才”，它还可用作连词，其具体用法如下：

词性	含义及用法		例句
介词	后接表 示时间点的词	表示动作或状态一直延续到until所表示的时间为止	I waited until 5：00 p．m.我一直等到下午5点钟。
		构成not…until…句型，意为“直到……才……”(动作到until所表示的时间才发生)	The noise didn't stop until midnight.噪音一直到午夜才停止。
连词	后接时 间状语从句	用于肯定句中，表示某一动作或状态一直延续到另一动作或状态出现之前	She lived with her parents until she got married.她与父母住在一起直到结婚为止。
		用于否定句中，构成not…until…句型，意为“直到……才……”(某一动作到另一动作或状态出现时才发生)	Jim didn't go to bed until he finished his homework.吉姆直到完成作业才去睡觉。

注意：(1)until用于肯定句中，一般可译为“直到……为止”；此时句子(或主句)的谓语动词通常为延续性动词，如live，wait，last，stay，work，continue等。until用于否定句中时，一般可译为“直到……才……”；此时句子(或主句)的谓语动词通常为非延续性动词。

(2)until后面的从句中不能用一般将来时，常用一般现在时代替一般将来时，即“主将从现”。

选择填空。

(A)1.(2018定西中考)Never put off ________ tomorrow what you can do today.

A．until  B．before  C．when  D．as

(A)2.(2018云南中考)We don't know the love of our parents ________ we become parents ourselves one day.

A．until  B．after

C．when  D．since

If you go to the party，you'll have a great time！如果你去参加聚会，你会玩得很开心！(教材八上P73)

【点拨】if意为“如果”，在本句中引导条件状语从句。句型结构为“If＋从句(一般现在时)＋主句(一般将来时、祈使句或含有情态动词)”，时态遵循“主将从现”的原则。如：

If it rains tomorrow，we'll stay at home.如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。

Please call me if you come to Kunming.如果你到昆明来，请给我打电话。

If you want to attend the party，you shouldn't wear jeans.如果你要出席宴会，就不应该穿牛仔裤。

选择填空。

(B)1.(2018遂宁中考)If it ________ sunny，we ________ camping this weekend.

A．get；will go  B．gets；will go

C．gets；go  D．will get；go

(C)2.(2019预测)If it ________ tomorrow，we will go to Guilin to enjoy Lijiang(漓江) scenery.

A．rains  B．won't rain

C．doesn't rain  D．isn't rain

Unless we talk to someone，we'll certainly feel worse.除非我们找人谈谈，否则我们肯定感觉更糟糕。(教材八上P77)

【点拨】unless是从属连词，意为“除非；如果不”，用来引导条件状语从句，相当于if…not…，且时态遵循“主将从现”原则。如：

You'll be late unless you go there by taxi.＝You'll be late if you don't go there by taxi.如果你不乘出租车去那里，你将会迟到。

选择填空。

(B)1.(2018重庆中考B卷)Lots of people exercise

every morning ________ bad weather stops them.

A．if  B．unless

C．until  D．since

(B)2.(2018贵港市平南县四模)I sleep with the windows open ________ the weather is really cold.

A．until  B．unless  C．or  D．so

一、根据首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。

1．(2018百色79题)My little brother studies hard，and he always finishes his homework by__himself__(他自己)．

2．(2018百色82题)Kitty，you've made some mistakes in this exam.Be more careful next time.

3．(2017贵港72题)You can't get to the airport on time unless you hurry up.

4．(2017贺州81题)Don't be__angry__(生气的) with your parents.

5．(2017桂林87题)I want to learn English well.Please give me some advice．

6．(2016来宾93题)Kim invited me to spend my winter holiday with him in Tibet last year.

7．(2016贵港75题)Lucy found a wallet on the street and some money was in it.

8．(2015贵港76题)Just now John didn't __refuse____(拒绝) to go to Lisa's party，did he?

9．(2015桂林85题)Tina has got many interesting

__experiences__(经历) since she came to China.

10．(2014百色77题)They are all tired，but they won't stop working __until__(直到) they finish their work.

二、选择填空。

(A)1.(新信息题)Yu Guangzhong lived and worked in Taiwan ________ his death.

A．until  B．when

C．as  D．after

(B)2.(2018贵港市平南县四模)Don't waste water.Water is very important and no one can live________it.

A．with  B．without

C．except  D．through

(C)3.(2018扬州中考)—I offered Sandy a helping hand.However，she ________it.

—Maybe she can manage herself.

A．received  B．returned

C．refused  D．rewarded

(A)4.We are pleased to ________ our readers.Their letters are very interesting.

A．hear from  B．hear of

C．hear  D．hear about

(B)5.(2018孝感中考) —Miss Yang，are you ______ this afternoon? I'd like to ask you some questions.

—Yes，I will wait for you in my office.

A．afraid  B．available

C．absent  D．active

(D)6.(2018阜康米泉中考)The river will become dirtier and dirtier ________ we take action to protect it.

A．since  B．if

C．until  D．unless

(A)7.I have to prepare ________ the history test ________ Thursday.

A．for；on  B．at；on

C．for；in  D．at；in

(D)8.Don't tell it to others.You should keep it

________ yourself.

A．for  B．at  C．in  D．to

(A)9.I will help my sister________ the pet dog while she is away.

A．look after  B．look through

C．look into  D．look like

(D)10.(2016百色中考)We ________ labouring on the farm if it ________ rain next month.

A．go；won't  B．will go；won't

C．go；doesn't  D．will go；doesn't