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Module11 Unit3 Language in use 教学目标 【知识目标】 1.能够正确使用本模块的新单词以及短语。 2.能够正确用who和which来引导定语从句 。 【能力目标】 能利用所学语言知识介绍有关资源制作摄影作品 【情感态度目标】 通过摄影作品培养学生的审美意识和对他人的欣赏的态度。 教学重难点 1.能够正确用that和which来引导定语从句。 2.通过听、说、读、写,让学生正确练习宾语从句。 教学过程 Step 1 Languagepractice He’sthe boy who won the photo competition last year! Thephoto which we liked best in the City and People group was taken by Zhao Min. Agroup of photos which show Beijing and Cambridge in England have won the prize. Step 2 Completethe poster for the photo competition. Use that, which or who. There may be morethan one answer. Photocompetition Sendus your photos and win a new camera! •We need photos _______ show daily life at school. •Your photos should record interesting things _______ happen at school, insidethe classroom or outside. •The photos ______ you take should be active, beautiful and true. •The photos ______ you send should include some words about them. •The size of the photos _______ you take should be 9cm×13cm. •Students _______ enter the competition should be between 10 and 16 years old. •The last date _______ you should send your photos is on 30th November. •The lucky person ______ wins the competition will receive a new camera. Getyour camera and start taking your photos now! Keys:that /which that /which that /which that /which that /which who/ that which who / that Step 3 Learningto learn Inmany English-speaking countries, they use two systems of measurement: imperial(inch, foot, yard, mile, pound) and metric (millimetre, centimetre, metre,kilomere, kilogram). You also need to recognise their short forms (in, ft, yd,ml, lb; mm, cm, m, km, kg). Step 4定语从句 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导从句的关系代词有who(人-主格),whom(人-宾客),whose(人-所有格),which(物),that(人/物)。引导从句的关系副词有where(地点),when(时间),why(原因)。 •The man who lives next to us is a teacher. •You must do everything that I do. •We will never forget the day when we visited our headmaster. 从句的谓语动词和先行词的关系。 a. 主谓关系 He asked the man (作从句主语)who/that was smoking. b.动宾关系 The noodles (作从句宾语) that/which Icooked were delicious. which引导的定语从句 which引导的定语从句修饰的是无生命物体,which 在从句中可以作主语, 也可以作宾语。 只能用which的情况: a.关系代词前有介词。 Thisis the house in which we lived last year. b.先行词本身是that。 The clock is that which I bought yesterday. c.非限制性定语从句。 His English, which used to be very poor, isnow excellent. who引导的定语从句 如果先行词指人 那么定语从句的引导词就可以用who。如果先行词指人, 引导词在从句中充当宾语, 那么引导词就要用who的宾格形式whom,口语中也可以用who代替。 Shehas two brothers, who are both doctors. Theman whom I saw is called Smith. 定语从句中引导词的省略 不管定语从句修饰的是人还是物, 如果引导词在从句中作宾语, 通常就可以省略。 e.g.Did you go to the talk (that/ which) the famous scientist gave at your school? 你去听那位著名科学家在你们学校做的演讲了吗? Isthat the car (that/which) you bought last month? 那是你上个月买的车吗? Afriend is a person (who/whom) you know very well and like. 朋友是你十分了解并且喜欢的人。 引导词作宾语时可以省略是因为省略后的从句仍然有主语和谓语, 我们仍然可以分辨出哪部分是定语从句。但是, 引导词在从句中作主语时就不能省略, 否则会造成结构混乱。 e.g.I’d like to have a teacher who is good at speaking. 我想拥有一位擅长演讲的老师。 He can make lessons that are usually boringinteresting. 他能把枯燥乏味的课讲得生动有趣。 以上两句中的引导词 who 和 that在从句中作主语, 不能省略。此外, 需要注意的是, 虽然在定语从句中作宾语的引导词在口语中往往被省略, 但在正式文体中则常常被保留。 Step5 中考真题 1. “What do you think of the school uniforms?”“Very good. I like clothes ______ make me feel comfortable.” 【贵州贵阳】 A. that B. what C. who 【解析】 考查定语从句引导词的用法。定语从句的先行词clothes是“物”, 所以, 定语从句的引导词用which或that引导。根据句意:你觉得校服怎么样呀? 很好, 我喜欢让我穿着舒服的衣服。 2.It’s interesting that there are many people ________ speak French in Canada. 【四川成都】 A.which B. where C. who 3.I can never forget the stories ______ my grandma told me. 【绵阳市】 A.what B. who C. them D. that 4.Please pass me the cartoon book _______ has a Mickey Mouse on the cover. 【天津】 A.whom B. whose C. who D. which Step 6 Exercises Completethe sentences so that they are true for you. 1.I like the writer who ________________________________. 2.I would like to visit a place that ________________. 3.I go to a school which ____________________. 4.My favourite band is the one that _______________________. 5.I have never seen a doctor who ____________________. 6.I want to take a photo which ____________________. 7.Our teacher is the man who ____________________. Keys:wrote the Harry Potter books haslots of sunny beaches onlyaccepts students who are good at English wesaw at the concert last week wearsshorts in the operating theatre showsmy pet cat playing in a cardboard box iswearing a purple shirt Step 7 Work inpairs Talkabout the two photos. Ilike the photo which … Idon’t like the photo which … Thephoto which … is … Thentalk about the people in the photos. Thegirl who … Nowask questions about the photos and write down your answers. —Which photo …? — The one … Lookaround the class and describe someone or something to your partner. Can yourpartner guess who or what you are describing? Step 8 Completethe conversation with the expressions in the box. Step 9 Reading Keys:Niepce invented a camera and the first successful photograph was produced. Anew kind of camera was invented. Peoplecould take pictures of moving things. Peoplecould buy film in small boxes. Photographybecame a kind of art. Step 10 Listenand complete the sentences. 1. The first successful photo was produced in_________. 2.Because it took a long time to take a photo, people in early photos did not___________. 3.The first photographers needed to know how to __________ and ___________ them. 4.Kodak introduced a camera that could be used by everyone in ____________. 5.Kodak’s camera was ____________ and__________ than any of the earlier cameras. 6.Cameras with computer technology wereintroduced in ______________. Keys:1827 smile takephotos; develop 1888 smaller; lighter the 1990s Step 11 Aroundthe world Afamous photo Thepicture of the earth from space was taken by William Anders on the Apollo 8trip into space. Step 12 Moduletask: Making a photo display Chooseyour favourite photo and describe it. Choose one photo you like best. Write a passage or story about it. Saywhat/who it is in the photo, and why it is important to you. Step 13 Work in groups. Talkabout your photo. Use the passage or story you have written in Activity 8 tohelp you. Showthe group your photo. Tell them why you like it, and why it is important toyou. Answerquestions your group may have. Listento the other members of your group talk about their photos. Showyour photos from the group to the whole class and talk about them. 课堂作业 Chooseyour favourite photos and give a brief introduction. 教学反思
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