人教版九年级Unit 5 知识点学案

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      Unit 5 What are the shirts made of?

1.be made短语

  be made of“用……(材料)制成”(可直接感觉出原材料)

  be made from“用……(材料)制成”(不可直接感觉出原材料)

  be made in“在……(地点)制造”

  be made into“被制成……(成品)”

  be made up of“由……组成”

  be made by“由某人制作”或“用什么方式组成”

eg:①These chairs are made of wood.

  ②Bread is made from wheat.

  ③The piece of wood will be made into a small bench.

  ④The computer is made in Zhengzhou.

  ⑤The class is made up of 45 students.

  ⑥The kite is made by hand.

练习：

(  )1.This pair of shoes _____ hand,and it _____ very comfortable.

A.is made with;is felt  B.are made from;is felt  C.are made of;feels  D.is made by;feels

(  )2.Two thirds of the coats are made of _____ .They feel comfortable.

A.glass  B.steel  C.cottons  D.silk

(  )3.The building is _____ glass and stones.

A.made of  B.made from  C.made in  D.made up

()4.—You bought a car!An American car?

     —No.A Chinese car.It _____ Zhengzhou.

A.makes in  B.made from  C.was made in  D.will be made from

2.both...and...“不仅……而且……；既……又……；……和……都”，只能连接两个并列的词或短语，而不能连接句子。反义词为neither...nor...“既不……也不……”。

eg:①Both she and I are students.

  ②Neither you nor I am a worker.

练习：

(  )1.Basketball has a history of nearly 300 years.Today it is still loved by ______ the young _____ the old.

A.both;and  B.either;or  C.not;but  D.neither;nor

(  )2.To help Tommy learn better, his parents have done      they could：cards, tapes，special learning centers，in short, everything they can think of．   

A. both  B. all  C. none  D. neither

(  )3.—Would you like tea or coffee?     

     —_________ is OK．I really don't mind．

A.None   B.Either   C.Neither  D.Both

3.be famous短语

  be famous for+事物“以……著名”

  be famous as+身份“以……著名”

eg:①Hangzhou is famous for the West Lake.

  ②He is famous as a writer.

练习：

(  )1.We’ll have dinner at the restaurant which is famous ______ its seafood.

A.of  B.to  C.for  D.as

(  )2.Hangzhou and Anxi are ______ for their tea.

A.mobile  B.international  C.famous  D.lively

4.seem系动词“好像，似乎”的用法

⑴seem后常接形容词或动词不定式作表语。

eg:①He seems quite happy.

  ②My temperature seems to be all right.

⑵句型：It seems that从句.=(从)主+seem+to do sth..

eg:It seems that they don’t like the idea.(=They seem not to like the idea.)

练习：

(  )1.______ seems that Jane knows the bad news.

A.That  B.This  C.It  D.She

(  )2.Oh,it _____ so nice.What beautiful music it is!

A.smells  B.sounds  C.tastes  D.looks

(  )3.He _____ a quiet boy.

A.used to be  B.is used to be  C.used to is  D.is used to

(  )4.—Does the soup _____ nice?

     —Yes.It’s hot,but really delicious.

A.sound  B.feel  C.look  D.taste

Section B

1.find out“(经研究或询问)弄清楚，查明白”

eg:Can you find out what time the plane leaves?

区别：find,look for,find out

⑴find“找到”，强调找的结果，通常指偶然发现。

⑵look for“寻找”，强调找的动作或过程。

⑶find out指经过观察、调查，把某事、某物查出来、搞清楚、弄明白。

练习：

(  )1.The window is broken.Try to _____ who broke it.

A.find out  B.find  C.look  D.look for

(  )2.Don’t be in a hurry to say what you think about this.First _____ the facts.

A.look up  B.think about  C.depend on  D.find out

(  )3.—Jack,could you help me _____ when the plane will take off on the Internet?

     —I’m sorry.My computer doesn’t work.

A.get out  B.look out  C.take out  D.find out

2.sound系动词“听起来”的用法

后常接形容词、名词或从句构成系表结构。

eg:①That sounds interesting.

  ②Your idea sounds a good one.

  ③I hope I don’t sound as if I’m criticizing you.

练习：

(  )1.—Why not go to Fu Tower tonight?

     —__________ .

A.It doesn’t matter  B.Thank you  C.Sorry to hear that  D.Sounds great

(  )2.My dad doesn’t like the sour _____ in the slightest.

A.sound  B.smell  C.taste  D.sight

(  )3.—Can you tell the differences between these two pictures?

     —Differences?Oh,no.They look quite _______ .

A.different  B.similar  C.strange  D.interesting

(  )4.—Do you know the song Xiaopingguo?

     —Of course.It ______ interesting.

A.tastes  B.smells  C.sounds  D.feels

(  )5.There is a _____ of fried chicken in this room.Please open the window.

A.taste  B.sound  C.smell  D.look

3.according to介“根据，按照”(+n./pron.)

eg:According to my watch,it’s five o’clock.

练习：

(  )1.According _____ Chinese history,sky lanterns were first used _____ Zhuge Kongming.

A.to;by  B.to;with  C.for;by  D.for;with

(  )2.______ the survey result,most students don’t like the sour wearing school uniforms.

A.According to  B.Instead of  C.Because of  D.Heard of

(  )3._______ the weather report,it will be snowy tomorrow.

A.Hearing  B.Instead of  C.According to  D.Because of

4.“花费”take,spend,pay,cost的区别

⑴take vt.常用于固定句型“It takes (sb.)some time to do sth.”。

⑵spend vt.主语只能是人，常用结构为：“主语(人)+spend+时间/钱+on sth./(in) doing sth.”。

⑶pay vt./vi.主语只能是人，常用结构为：“主语(人)+pay+人/钱/for+物.”(pay sb.money=pay money for sb.)

⑷cost vt.主语只能是事物，常用结构为：“主语(事物)+cost(+sb.)+金钱/时间”。

练习：

(  )1.If you don’t like it,you don’t have to _________ .

A.pay  B.pay for the money  C.pay for   D.pay it

(  )2.How much time did you spend ________ the text?

A.copying  B.to copy  C.in copy  D.on copying

(  )3.It ______ him half an hour to do the work.

A.spend  B.took  C.used  D.pay

(  )4.We _______ this record for 500 yuan.

A.spent  B.cost  C.paid  D.bought

(  )5.Now more and more workers ______ their free time trying to improve themselves at school or college.

A.take  B.cost  C.spend  D.pay

(  )6.We are _____ by the boss on the last Friday of each month.

A.spent  B.cost  C.taken  D.paid

Self Check

1.a lot,a lot of,lots of的用法

⑴a lot多用于肯定句，有时也用于疑问句。

㈠作代词短语时，“很多；大量”，作主语、宾语或表语，其后可有动词不定式作后置定语。

eg:He gave her a lot to eat.

㈡作副词短语时，“很，非常”，修饰动词、感叹词、介词短语、形容词和副词的比较级。

eg:①Thanks a lot!

  ②I’m feeling better now.

注：a lot前可被such,quite,rather修饰。

eg:I like him quite a lot.

⑵a lot of=lots of(+ns或n不可数)“许多；大量”(=many/much)。通常用于肯定句，否定句一般用many或much。

eg:There is a lot of work to do.

练习：

(  )1.The boy is very lazy.He doesn’t get ______ writing practice.

A.some  B.many  C.a lot  D.much

(  )2.He often studies with a group and he has learned ______ that way.

A.a lot  B.lots of  C.lot  D.a lot of

(  )3.If you want to study English well,please read aloud every morning.It helps ______ .

A.a lot of  B.lot of  C.a little  D.a little of

2.区别on,about“关于”

⑴on常用于正式场合，指内容的严肃性、学术性及深度。一般指学术专著。

eg:He gave us a talk on the history of the Party.

⑵about多用于口语中，表示内容较为普通，指有关的生活杂事、小事及人和物。

egid you read about it in the newspaper yesterday?

练习：

(  )1.There is a lot of research _____ languages are learned.

A.in what  B.on how  C.in why  D.on what

3.区别invent,discover

⑴invent“发明”指通过劳动，运用聪明才智“发明/创造”出以前未存在过的新事物。

⑵discover“发现”表示“偶然”或“经过努力”发现客观存在的事物、真理或错误，即指发现原来存在但不为人知的事物，也可表示发现已为人所知的事物的新的性质或用途。

eg:①Columbus discovered America in 1492.

  ②Who invented the telephone?

练习：

(  )1.A good student must _____ what he reads with what he sees around him.

A.review  B.connect  C.discover  D.invent

(  )2.We _____ the island when we were sailing.

A.invent  B.invented  C.discover  D.discovered

(  )3.The island was named after a man who first ______ it.

A.invents  B.discovers  C.invented  D.discovered

(  )4.Remember that don’t _____ too many words all at once,OK?10 words each day,no more.

A.discover  B.memorize  C.pronounce  D.connect

4.to one’s surprise“使某人吃惊地是”

练习：

(  )1.When I entered ,______ my surprise,all of the students stood up quickly.

A.for  B.with  C.to  D.in

(  )2.They found _____ that the goddess turn out to be a very modern-looking woman.

A.surprisingly  B.with surprise  C.to their surprise  D.a surprise

5.中考语态的用法

一． 构成：(基本结构：主语+be done.其中be有时态、人称的变化。)

       一般现在时：be(am/is/are)+done

一般过去时：be(was/were)+done

一般将来时：will/shall be done或be(am/is/are)going to be done

过去将来时：would be done或be(was/were)going to be done

现在进行时：be(am/is/are)being done

过去进行时：be(was/were)being done

现在完成时：have/has been done

过去完成时：had been done

情态动词：情态动词+be done





二． 用法：（常用被动语态的情况）

⒈不知道动作的执行者           eg:The window was broken last night.

⒉不必提到动作的执行者         eg:The machine is made in China.

⒊动作的执行者很模糊           eg:They were given a warm welcome.

⒋强调或侧重动作的承受者       eg:The sick boy was taken good care of.

⒌ 有些动词习惯上常用被动语态  eg:It’s said that he will go to Beijing with his parents.

三． 主动语态与被动语态的转换步骤

主动语态变为被动语态的方法一般分为三步：

   ⒈先找到主动句的宾语，把它变为被动句的主语。

   ⒉将谓语动词由主动形式变为被动形式“be+done”。

   ⒊将主动句的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语。

    eg:He read a lot of books in his school years.(变被动)

   ——A lot of books were read by him in his school years.



四． 无被动的情况

⒈动作发生、时间过去、系动词、不及物动词(短语)没有被动；宾语为反身代词或相互代词时没有被动。

eg:①The accident happened yesterday.   

  ②Five years has gone by.   

  ③Little Tom can dress himself.  

  ④The soup tasted good.            

⒉表示状态的动词(have拥有,own拥有,fail失败,fit适合,suit适合,last持续,ect)或表示动作的leave,enter,join等作谓语的句子。

eg:①Tom has a new car.  

  ②The pair of shoes fit me well.  

  ③Tom left Zhengzhou the day before yesterday.

⒊宾语是不定式、动名词的句子。

eg:①Tom enjoys playing computer games.     

  ②I hope to enter a better high school.

⒋谓语动词与宾语组成一个不可分割的整体的句子。

eg:①He often makes faces in class.     

  ②They have already lost heart.

五． 一般用主动表被动的情况

⒈由事物本身所具有的性质所表现出来的特征。（动词不单独使用，后常加修饰词。）

eg:The pen writes smoothly.

⒉在“主+系+表（adj或带有adj的名词）+to do”结构中，to do要用主动表被动，且do为及物动词。

eg:①The book is difficult(for me)to understand.      ②He is easy(for people)to get along with.

⒊在“主+find/think/consider/make/believe等+(真实)宾语+adj+to do”句型中。do要用主动表被动，且do为及物动词。   eg:He find the math problem difficult to work out.

⒋在固定短语中    be worth doing sth 值得做某事 be to blame 应受责备

五．在“吾看三室两厅一感觉”(即：一感(feel)二听(hear/listen to)三使(let/make/have)五看(see/watch/look at/observe/notice)中，主动时后可跟不带to的不定式，但在变为被动时to要加上。(即：主不to被to)   

eg:He was made to clean the house.

练习：

(  )1.If the child _______ ,please telephone the police.

A.found  B.is found  C.was found  D.has found

(  )2.We were made ______ by what he said.

A.to laugh  B.laugh  C.laughing  D.laughs

(  )3.The door _____ because he has forgotten to do it.

A.was locked  B.wasn’t locked  C.is locked  D.isn’t locked

(  )4.The mobile phone has influenced people’s life a lot since it _______ .

A.invents  B.invented  C.is invented  D.was invented

(  )5.Many houses _______ in the earthquake of April 20,2013 in Ya’an.

A.is destroyed  B.are destroyed  C.was destroyed  D.were destroyed

(  )6.Annie _____ to the party.She had a wonderful time with us.

A.invites  B.is invited  C.was invited  D.has invited

(  )7.—Have you heard about that car accident near the school?

     —Yes,luckily no one _______ .

A.hurt  B.was hurt  C.has hurt  D.were hurt

(  )8.Do you know when the first train ______ in China?

A.was produced  B.is produced  C.produced  D.produces