M8 U3 Grammar 导学案

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M8  Unit 3  The world of clours and lights

  Grammar  Inversion

编写人： 韩丽     审核人：王胜利   编写时间：2014-05-10

【学习目标】

1. Get students to master the usage of inversion.

2. Get students to practice about inversion.

【学习重点】

In what cases inversion is used.

【学习难点】

In what cases inversion is used.

【教学过程】  

英语的正常语序是“主语 + 谓语”。 即主语在前，谓语在后。 有时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调，就要采用倒装形式。将谓语动词完全移到主语之前称为完全倒装；只将助动词或情态动词放到主语之前，称为部分倒装。

eg.  1.The teacher came in. (正常语序)        

       In came the teacher. ( 完全倒装)

     2.I have never seen a film so moving before. (正常语序)

       Never before have I seen a film so moving.(部分倒装)

Step 1 完全倒装

1.用于there be结构(exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand)句型。

eg.  There are many students in the classroom.

2.用于“here (there, now, then) +vi +主语”的句型中，或以out, in, up, down, away 等副词开头的句子，以示强调。这时句中动词多为go, come等

eg.  Here comes the bus.  There goes the bell.  

Now comes your turn.  Out went the children

【高考链接1】

—can you tell me where my uncle is?  

—Yes, of course,________.

A. here your uncle comes         B. here comes your uncle.

C. comes your uncle here         D. your uncle here comes

  (注意： 代词作主语时，主谓语序不变。如：Here it is .   In he comes. )

【高考链接2】

—Where is the report?  ——________.

A. There is it    B. There it is    C. There the report is     D. Is there the report

3.有时为了生动，或为了强调表语或状语，使上下文紧密衔接或使句子平衡常用倒装。

eg：1) At the head of the queue was an old woman.

    2) On the ground lay an old sick goat.

【高考链接3】In each room ____.

  A. are ten students B. ten students are C. ten students there are D. ten are student

4.表示地点的介词短语

(如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等)放在句首时,且主语名词时













Step2. 部分倒装

1. Only修饰的状语提前时。

eg.  Only then did I begin to know her.      

    Only in this way can you learn English well.

  ( 注意：如果only修饰主语，则不必用倒装。)

eg.  Only he remembered that it was my birthday.

【高考链接4】

Only when he started to explain  ____ the reason for this.

A. she realized   B. did she realize  C. she had realized   D. had she realized

2.某些表示否定意义副词或半否定副词,如: not, never, hardly, seldom, little, few, at no time, by no means, nowhere, not a bit等在句首时。

eg:   1) Seldom in all my life have I met such a determined person.

     2) Never shall I forget it.        3) Hardly can I believe that.        

【高考链接5】

Little  ___ about his own safety, though he was in great danger himself.

A. does he care      B. did he care   C. he cares         D. he cared

【高考链接6】

Not for a moment ____ the truth of your story.

A.did he made       B. he made     C. did he make     D. he make

3. 当not only … but also, not until, no sooner… than, hardly… when 在句首时，要倒 装。注意在这些句型中倒装的位置。

(1)not only… but also…句型中，前一个分句倒装，后一个分句不倒装。

eg. Not only was he forcing to stay at home, but he was also forbidden to see his friends.

(2)Not until … 句型中，复合句的前面从句不倒装，后面的主句倒装。

eg. Not until she saw the present did she feel happy.

   Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework. 。

(3)No sooner …than…, hardly…when的句型中,后面从句不倒装,前面主句倒装。

eg. No sooner had he finished the talk than a man stood up and put forward a question.     

【高考链接7】

Not until his father was out of prison ____ to school.

A. can John go    B. John can go   C. could John go   D. John could go

【高考链接8】

No sooner ____ asleep than she heard a knock at the door.

A. she had fallen  B. had she fallen  C. she fell        D. did she fall

4. 虚拟语气中:省略了if的条件句中，were, had 或 should 可提前句首构成部分倒装。

eg. Were I not so busy, I should go with you.=_______________________________

Had he been here yesterday, he would have come to watch the football match.=_____________

5. 在so…that（如此…以致于）句型中，若so…提前到句首构成部分倒装。Such作表语时，句子必须倒装。

eg.  So carelessly did he drive that he almost killed himself.

So loudly did he speak that people in the next room could hear him.

6.用于so, nor, neither开头的句子,表示重复前句部分内容（前面所说也适用另一人或物）。原句的谓语应与前句谓语的时态、形式相一致.

句型： so+ have(has,助动词或情态动词)+主语











eg：He has been to Beijing. So have I.

    Li Wei can’t answer the question. Neither can I.   

【高考链接9】

—I’d met Philip several times before.   

—________.

A. So did I      B. So had I        C. So I had         D. I met, also

【高考链接10】

—Are you going there with us?   

—If Mary wants to go, ______.

A. I also go    B. so do I         C. so I will          D. so will I

【高考链接11】

—Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother?

—I don’t know, _____.

A. nor don’t I care  B. nor do I care  C. I don’t care neither  D. I don’t care also

(注意：如果一个句子只是重复前面一句话的意思，尽管是so开头，句子也不倒装。---- It was cold yesterday.    --- So it was.（天确实冷）

‚如果前面所说部分由肯定，有否定，动词类型又不一致，而后面一句要表示的也有与上面所述的类似情况，这时须改用下列句型：

---Tom is clever but he doesn’t work hard.  ---So it is with my brother. )

7.用于疑问句。

eg. Do you speak English?(当疑问词作主语或者修饰主语时，句子不必用倒装。)

eg . Who invented the new machine?

Step 3. 其他

1．用于某些表示祝愿的句子。

eg.  1) May you succeed!       2) Long live China!

2. 由as引起的让步状语从句主谓不倒装,只须把形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前提到as前,且单数可数名词提到主语前时不带冠词。

eg.  Hard as he worked, he made little progress.

     Child as he is, he knows a lot.

3. no matter how(who…);however引导的让步状语从句必须采用倒装结构，但不是主谓倒装，而是将被强调的内容置于其后。

    eg. No matter how / However cheap it is, I don't want to buy it.

    However you are sad, life is still going on.尽管你很悲伤,然而生活还是要继续

Step 4 .随堂检测----高考链接

1.Hearing the dog barking fiercely，away________.

A.fleeing the thief  B.was fleeing the thief  C.the thief was fleeing  D.fled the thief

2.The computer was used in teaching.As a result，not only______，but students became more interested in the lessons.

A．saved was teachers’ energy       B．was teachers’ energy saved

C．teachers’ energy was saved       D．was saved teachers’ energy

3.Unsatisfied________with the payment，he took the job just to get some work experience.

A．though was he   B．though he was    C．he was though      D．was he though

4.So sudden________that the enemy had no time to escape.

A．did the attack　  B．the attack did     C．was the attack      D．the attack was











5.For a moment nothing happened.Then________all shouting together.

A．voices had come  B．came voices  C．voices would come   D．did voices come

6.Distinguished guests and friends，welcome to our school.________the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad.

A．Attend        B．To attend        C．Attending       D．Having attended

7.Not until I came home last night________to bed.

A．Mum did go     B．did Mum go     C．went Mum    D．Mum went

8.So much of interest____that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all.

A．offers Beijing  B．Beijing offers   C．does Beijing offer   D．Beijing does offer

9．Not until the motorbike looked almost new________repairing and cleaning it.

A．he stopped    B．did he stop    C．stopped he    D．he did stop

10．Little_____that we were watching his every move，so he seemed to be going his own way in this business.

A．he realized    B．he didn’t realize     C．didn’t he realize    D．did he realize

11．Not until he called the secretary three times________that the manager went to an important meeting.

A．did he tell     B．he told     C．was he told    D．he was told

12．Only under special circumstances________to take make­up tests.

A．are freshmen permitted         B．permitted are freshmen

C．freshmen are permitted         D．are permitted freshmen

13．—Did you see who the driver was?

   —No，so quickly________that I couldn’t get a good look at his face.

A．does the car speed by   B．the car sped by

C．did the car speed by   D．the car speeds by

14．________he is，________he can do something that grown­ups do.

A．A boy as；but   B．A boy though；yet    C．Boy as；yet   D．Boy as；but

15．Hardly________the phone________I was told that the hotel had been booked full.

A．I had picked up；when      B．had I picked up；then

C．had I picked up；when      D．I had picked up；then

16．Only when class began________that he had left his book at home.

A．will he realize   B．he did realize     C．did he realize   D．should he realize

17．“By no means，” declared the captain.“________give way to disappointment.”

A．we would    B．we will      C．might we    D．shall we

18．Not until he called the secretary three times________that the manager went to an important meeting.

A．did he tell    B．he told    C．was he told   D．he was told

19．Not a single word________when he left home and joined the army in 1941.

A．did he leave    B．left he    C．did leave he   D．he left

20．—Can I smoke here?

—No.In no circumstances________in the library.

A．smoking permits          B．smoking is permitted

C．does smoking permit       D．is smoking permitted