初中英语教学设计unit4 Section B 3a-4 Book One, Grade Eight

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新授课— 读写课
【教材分析】
本单元以Transportation 为话题设计教学内容，旨在教会学生使用How引导的特殊疑问句谈论How to get to places ，使学生熟练掌握描述交通方式的相关短语、句型及在句中的表达方式，掌握有关Transportation 的相关词汇，同时复习一般现在时态的用法。本节课在承接前面课时所进行的以听说为主的词汇、句型训练的基础上，选用了一篇介绍世界各地学生怎样到校的短文展开阅读训练。通过本节教学可以使学生循环巩固前面课时所学语言知识，学习新的词汇，并通过教师的指导提高学生的阅读技巧和读写能力。
【教学目标】
Ⅰ. Knowledge
ⅰ. Words and expressions:
north part thing other depend river boat must more than means car; North America depend on by boat
ⅱ. Sentence:
How do students around the world get to school ?
How do ….get to….?
In <st1:country-region w:st="on">China , it depends on where you are.
That must be a lot more fun than taking a bus.
ⅲ. Grammar:
How question
Must 表示推测
Ⅱ. Skills
Enable Ss to read a passage easily.
Improve the students’ reading and writing abilities.
Ⅲ. Emotion
本单元的话题取材于学生的日常生活，是学生们熟悉的交通方式和交通工具，这个话题是学生们每天都要说和做的事情，和学生很亲近，因此学生对这部分知识的学习会很感兴趣。本节课通过设计学生调查How students get to your school 教学环节，可以增进学生之间相互了解，从而加深友谊。在教学过程中，还可以结合现在生活中交通拥挤的现象，对学生展开交通安全教育和热爱生命教育。
Ⅳ. Key points
i. Be able to use take a bus/ go by boat/ ride bikes….to describe how to get to school . Be able to use the Present Indefinite tense correctly.
ii. Be able to master the skimming and scanning reading skills.
Ⅴ. Difficult points
i. Be able to understand some clauses appeared in the passage.
ii. To develop students’ability of reading comprehension and communication.
iii. Attract the students’interests to attend the study activities.
Ⅵ. Teaching tools：
CAI, a tape-recorder, worksheets
Ⅶ.学法指导
教会学生使用skimming 和scanning的阅读方法，提高阅读速度，学会从文章中查找问题答案，以及如何有效进行小组合作学习，如何进行调查等。指导学生对所学知识进行有效的概括总结，提高学生的自学能力。
Ⅷ.过程与方法
采用Communication,question,explaining,Listening and repeating， Practicing， Comparing和Role playing的教学方法， 利用教学图片、多媒体和录音机等搅局辅助开展课堂教学活动。通过男女生PK，抛硬币决定回答问题资格等学生喜爱的小游戏激活课堂，让学生在轻松、活泼、快乐的氛围中学习。通过读、写训练， 复习、 巩固和运用谈论交通方式的目标语言。
【教学过程】
Step 1. Warming up 5’
Devide the class into two groups, Boys,Group1, girls,Group2. Sing an English song and play a guessing game to have a competition between them.
T: Good morning, boys and girls!
S: Good morming, Miss Pang!
T: Last week we learned an English song , the more we get together, do you like it?
S: Yes, we do.
T: Can you sing it?
S: Sure, we can.
T: Boys, can you?
B: Yes, we can.
T: Girls, can you ?
G: Of course , we can.
T: Now let’s have a PK and see who can sing it better. Boys first, Girls second ,OK?
S: OK
Boys sing the song , Girls listen.
T: Now Girls, What do you think of their performance?
G: Good, but we can do better than them!
T: Really? Please go, let me see if it is so!
Girls sing, Boys listen.
T: How about their singing, Boys? It’s beautiful, isn’t it?
B: Yes, but we didn’t do badly, either.
T: Well, you both did very well. But I think the girls’ voice is sweeter and the boys’voice is louder. So I can’t see who is better. I have a coin here, let’s throw the coin and decide the result, OK?
S: OK!
T: Each of you have five chances to guess up or down. The winner is the better one. First boys throw, girls guess. Then exchange. Please catch the chance!
Play the guessing game with the students.
【设计意图】
学唱英语歌曲和做游戏都是学生们感兴趣的活动，尤其是将学生分成男女两大组展开比赛更能激发他们的学习兴趣和积极性。这样可以很快将孩子们的心从上节课的学习或课间活动中转移到英语课堂学习中来，并为接下来的英语学习搭建起男女生竞赛的平台，有利于培养学生的团队精神和竞争意识。
Step 2: Leading in 2’
T: Congratulations, Boys/Girls! You’re the winner. Please look at the screen, I have a gift for you, a nice jet/beautiful flower! Do you like it?
B/G: wow! Thank you,Miss Pang!
T: Come on, Girls/Boys! Don’t worry! You have chance to beat the boys/girls in the next section. This class we’re going to learn 3a-4 Page23. Please look at the screen and see what we’ll do today.
1. Learn 3a, make sure you can do this below:
a. Understand the article and be able to ask and anwer questions about the article.
b. Learn the new words.
c. Find out your difficult points and try to solve them.
2.Learn 3b:
a. Be able to read the chart and catch useful information from it.
b.Be able to use the information and complete the article.
3.Writing practice(3c-4):
a. Make a survey how your classmates get to school.You can use the messages in 4.
b. Write a survey report.

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【设计意图】
总结唱歌和游戏比赛情况，利用多媒体赠给学生一个喜爱的标志作为比赛获胜的礼物，既可以激励学生在接下来的学习活动中继续展开竞赛，又可以以礼物的多少记录学生的比赛成绩，引导学生整节课保持高昂的学习兴趣。布置本节课的学习任务和要达成的学习目标，可以让学生整节课有目的地进行学习活动，提高学习效率。
Step 3: Reading practice 15’
1. Skimming 3’: Ask the students to read the article as quickly as possible and answer, “How many places does the writer talk in the article? What are they?”
T: Now class, open your book and turn to Page23. Look at 3a. Please read the article as quickly as you can. And answer the questions below: How many places does the writer talk in the article? What are they? (Show the questions on the screen.) I want to see who is faster ,boys or girls. And who can answer the questions correctly. If you have finished, please hands up.
When the students read the article, walk through the class and see who is fast.
T: Well stop, boys and girls! I see most of you have finished. And I see Girls are a little faster than Boys. So Girls get the chance to answer the questions. Now Girls who’d like to answer the questions?
Choose a girl to anwer the questions.
G: Three. They’re North America, <st1:country-region w:st="on">Japan and <st1:country-region w:st="on">China.
T: Is she right?
S: Yes!
T: ××， Can you lead us underline them in the book?
G: OK!
Underline North America, <st1:country-region w:st="on">Japan and <st1:country-region w:st="on">China in the book.
T: Now class, in this section the girls are the winner. I have a beautiful present for them. A beautiful flower! Do you like it, Girls?
G: Yes, thank you very much!
【设计意图】
略读是一种很好的阅读技巧，它可以帮助学生在有限的时间内迅速了解阅读材料的大致内容，得到对一篇文章的粗略印象，判断文章中是否有自己需要的信息，可以有效地提高阅读速度和阅读效率。
2. Scanning 5’: Show some questions on the screen. Ask the students to read the questions first, then ask them to read the article and find out the answers.
T: Next, please look at the screen. I have some questions here.They can help you to understand the article.
1. How do students in North America go to school?
2. How do students in <st1:country-region w:st="on">Japan go to school?
3. How do students in <st1:country-region w:st="on">China go to school?
Now please read the article carefully and try to underline the answers in the article.
The students read the book. I walk through them to offer help when necessary. When most students have finished, get them to answer the questions in class.
T: I see most of you have finished. Now who can answer the first question, how do students in North America go to school? First give the chance to Boys. x x , please!
B: Most students go on the school bus, some walk or ride bikes.
T: Is he right?
S: Yes, he is.
T: x x, you did very well, thank you,sit down, please!
Write North America: go on the school bus /walk/ride bikes on the Bb.
T: Question2, how do students in <st1:country-region w:st="on">Japan go to school? This time, a girl, x x, please.
G: Take trains, walk or ride bikes.
T: Do you agree with her?
S: Yes, we do.
Write <st1:country-region w:st="on">Japan: take trains/walk/ride bikes on the Bb.
T: Thank you very much,good job! Question3,how do students in <st1:country-region w:st="on">China go to school?Boys or Girls?
S: Boys! / No, Girls!
T: Don’t quarrel! Let’s throw the coin to decide it, OK?
S: OK!
T: If the coin is up, boys answer. If the coin is down, girls answer. Do you agree?
S: OK!
Throw the coin and decide who answer the question.
T: Congratulations, Boys/Girls! You get the chance! X X, please!
B/G: It depend on where you are. In big cities, ride bikes or take buses. In places where there are rivers and lakes, go by boat.
T: I think it’s a good answer. Do you think so?
S: Yes, we do.
T: Thank you, sit down, please! Now class, in this section, Girls/Boys win.Another present for you! Congratulations!
Clap hands with the students to encourage the winner.
【设计意图】
跳读即“搜寻式阅读”。学生在略读环节中已经对文章从整体上把握了一遍。现在让学生带着问题再读文章，学生就会做到心中有数，有目的地从文章中查阅到所需的信息，快速地解决问题，从而节约时间把精力放在重点需要突破的地方上，然后再去仔细阅读文章彻底理解课文。跳读是一种很重要的抢时间的阅读方法，教会学生跳读有利于提高学生的阅读能力。
3. Reading exercises and explaining language pionts 5’: Do excercises below the article.
T: We have read the article twice. I think most of you have caught it now. There are five sentences below the article. Please look at your book and read them carefully. Say T or F.
Give the students 2 minutes to do the exercises alone. Then check the answers.
T: Well stop! Time is up. I’ll ask some of you to tell us the answers. Let’s see who is better in this section. When you answer the question, please read the sentence first, second tell us your answer T or F, and then give us your reason. Ok, let’s begin. No.1, Girls, give you the chance. X X, please!
G: In North America, not all students take the bus to school. It is true.
T: Right?
S: Yes!
T: Please read the sentence about this statement in the article.
G: In North America, most students go to school on the school bus. Some students also walk or ride bikes.
T: Good job! No.2, Boys.　ＸＸ，please.
B: Other parts of the world are different from the <st1:country-region w:st="on">United States. It is T. Because in other parts of the world, things are different. 这儿in other parts 指的是North America 以外的地方，the United States属于North America。
T: Pretty good! Do you agree with him?
S: Yes, we do.
T: OK, let’s go on. No.3, Boys, X X, please!
B: In <st1:country-region w:st="on">Japan, the three most popular ways of getting to school are bus, train and bike. It’s F. Because in <st1:country-region w:st="on">Japan, most students take trains to school, although others also walk or ride their bikes. The three ways should be train, bike and walk.
T: Very good! Thank you! No. 4, Girls, X X, please!
G: In china, bikes and buses are the most popular means of transportation. It’s F. Because in <st1:country-region w:st="on">China, it depends on where you are. In big cities, students usually ride bikes to school or take buses. So the sentence should be In <st1:country-region w:st="on">China, in big cities bikes and buses are the most popular means of transportation.
T: Do you agree with her?
S: Yes, we do.
T: OK, the last one, Boys or Girls?
S: Boys!/Girls!
T: Don’t quarrel! Let the coin decide again! Up is for boys, down is for girls! Go! It’s down/up! Girls/Boys get the chance! X X, please.
G/B: Students in Hongshanhu and Kaishandao have to take a boat to get to school. It’s T.
T: Please read the sentence in the article.
G/B: And in places where there are rivers and lakes, like Hongshanhu and kaishandao, students usually go to school by boat.
T: Very good! Please sit down. Now Boys and Girls, in this section you both did very well. Your answers are wonderful. So I give you each a present. Congratulations! (Clapping hands) But the girls answered one more question, I give you another flower. Boys, come on! OK, let’s see the topic question: How do students around the world get to school? Answer together!
S: Go on the school buses, walk, take trains, take buses, ride bikes, go by boat.
T: You can either say go to school by bus/train/boat/car/bike….or take trains/buses…to school, ride a bike/car to school. Of course, walk to school means go to school on foot. There’re many ways /means to go to school. Choose a right one for yourself. But the traffic is busy today. Please take care and obey the traffic rules.
Write go to school by bus/train=take a bus/train to school, walk=go on foot, go to school by bike/car =ride a bike/car to school, ways=means on the Bb.
T: I think you have understood the article thoroughly. Do you have anything difficult?
S: No.
T: OK, though you have no problems, I have some questions here. I need your help. Please look at the screen:
1. In <st1:country-region w:st="on">Japan, most students take trains to school, although others also walk or ride their bikes. 这句话中although 的用法我不大明确，谁能帮助我？
2. Depend on is a new phrase. Can you make a sentence for me?
3. That must be a lot more fun than taking a bus. must 在句中好像不能翻译成必须了，那么它是什么用法呢？
Ask the students to answer them. If they can’t, Explain the knowledge for them.
【设计意图】
学生通过前边两个环节的阅读，对文章内容已经基本把握。这时让学生做文章后的判断是非题，可以说是轻车熟路了。跟上这组题目的训练后，学生对文章就能彻底理解。在学生理解课文的基础上再让他们梳理知识，就会达到事半功倍的效果。等学生没有疑问了，教师再对重、难点进行质疑，可以更好地帮助学生理解课文和新知识。
4.Reading after the teacher and the tape 2”:
T: OK, Boys and Girls, open your books at Page112, read the new words after me. Make sure you can read the words correctly. Then read them by yourselves once.
T: No problem?
S: No.
T: Turn to Page23, Listen to the tape and read the article after it. Pay attention to the pronunciation and intonation.
【设计意图】
本节课的单词虽然简单，但对基础差的学生来说，缺少听读训练这一环节还是不行的。因此在学生充分理解知识的基础上再集中领读单词可以降低学困生的学习难度，有效降低两级分化现象。让学生坚持跟读课文录音，是训练学生的语音语调，锻炼听力的最好方法。
Step 4: Reading and writing exercises 5’：
T: 3b is a chart reading material. It is very important to learn how to read a chart and get information from it. First, look at the chart, and tell me what the chart is about?
S: It’s about how students get to Garden High School.
T: How many means/ways do they get to school? What are they?
S: Five. Walking, bus, bike, subwayand car.
T: Which is the most popular way?
S: Bike.
T: OK, you know how to read the chart, don’t you?
S: Yes.
T: Now please complete the article, using the information in the chart.
Give the students 2 minutes to do this. Then check the answer.
T: Have you finished? Give Boys a chance . X X, tell us your answer.
B: At Garden High School, most students ride their bikes to school. Many students walk to school. Some students go to school by car. Other students take a bus to school. A small number of students go to school by subway.
T: Is he right?
S: Yes, he is.
T: Boys, give you a present!
【设计意图】
阅读图表完成短文是考查学生读写能力的一种重要方式，因此教会学生阅读图表的方法很重要 。3b 是一个很简单的图表，表中信息一目了然，教师稍加引导即可。本练习的关键是通过图表训练学生本节课所学知识，让学生以填空完成短文的方式输出知识的同时提高写作能力。
Step 5: Survey and writing 13’ :
Devide the girls and boys into 4 small groups each. Each small group has six members. Then ask them to turn to Page82.
T: Please turn to Page82, look at the chart Unit4, SectionB, activity4. What information can you get from the chart? Please ask 3 questions according to the message.
S: How far do you live from school?
T: What else?
S: How do you get to school?
T: Next?
S: How long does it take you to get to school?
Write the questions on the Bb.
T: Very good! Now please use the three questions to make a survey in your group. When you do it, please fill in the chart below. It can help you later on.
Name How do you get to school? How far do you live? How long does it take?
        
        
        
        
        
        


Give the students 5 minutes to make a survey and fill in the chart. Then ask them to write a newspaper article.
T: Now class, please write a newspaper article according to the survey chart, tell how students in your group get to school . Work together in groups. Let’s see which group is the fastest, and which group’s article is the best. I will choose two articles, one from Girls’ groups, the other from Boys’ groups, to have a PK. Give you 3 minutes, and then we’ll compare the articles together and decide the winner of this class. Come on, boys and girls!
The students write the article in groups. After they finish, choose two articles to show on the screen. Compare and dicuss the articles. Decide the winner of this class. Say congratulations to the winner.
【设计意图】
经过前面一系列环节的知识输入以后，学生已经具备了足够的知识可以进行说和写的输出。本环节将教材3c和4充分结合，让学生利用4中的内容在小组中展开调查，然后根据调查内容写出调查报告，既可以巩固本单元和本节课所学的重点知识，又可以很好地锻炼学生说和写的能力。在活动过程中，将学生从男女两大组又分成男女各4小组，既方便于学生在较短的时间内完成调查任务，节约课堂时间，从而有充足的时间完成写的训练，又可以将本节课所进行的男女生学习PK进行到底。
Step 6: A harvest---summary 2’
T: Boys and girls, in this class you both did very well. Now think it over. What harvest can you get today? New words? Useful expressions? Methods? Do you like this class? Are you happy?
【设计意图】
鼓励学生围绕语言知识、学习方法、学习感受自己动脑进行学习总结，关注学生的情感，提升学生的归纳总结能力。
Step 8 Homework 1’
1.Recite the new words and useful Expressions.
2.Make a survey, how do your teachers get to school. And write an article to the school newspaper.
【设计意图】
让学生复习巩固本节课的单词和知识点，然后采访老师如何到校并写一篇采访报道向校报投稿，将所学知识活学活用。
【课后反思】
本节课的唱英语歌曲、做猜猜游戏、把学生分成男女两大组展开学习竞赛等教学策略很好地调动了学生的学习兴趣和积极性。特别是男女生进行学习、活动PK遇到影响评判公平时，采用扔硬币让学生猜正反面的做法颇受学生欢迎。这些活动的设计很好地培养了学生的团队精神和良性竞争意识。本节课的课堂知识主要是复习巩固前面课时所学的有关交通方式的语言知识，内容比较简单，学生掌握较好。本节课我把教学重点放在了引导学生如何进行有效阅读上，使学生逐步学会了略读、跳读、从文中找阅读题目答案和依据的阅读技巧，有效的提高了学生的阅读能力。将3c和4两部分的内容进行整合，结合重点设计调查表，将学生由大组分成小组，让学生在有限的时间内针对教学重点进行调查活动，并进行写作练习。这些做法都有效地提高了课堂教学效率。本节课由于把重点放在指导学生阅读上，对词汇、句型等基础知识的学习不够充分，对基础差的学生来说可能在知识的掌握上又吃夹生饭，因此课后要加强对他们的辅导。男女生学习PK虽然是学生非常喜欢的活动，但学习小组太大，不利于小组间展开合作学习，要进一步探索更加有效的小组合作、组间竞争的合作学习教学模式。