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标题: 2022中考英语语法知识点:-ing分词用法归纳 [打印本页]

作者: 网站工作室    时间: 2022-5-25 08:07
标题: 2022中考英语语法知识点:-ing分词用法归纳
分词用法归纳

  1. -ing分词概述

  -ing分词的基本形式是由动词加-ing 构成,与动词的分词形式一致。

  -ing分词的主要变化形式有一般式和完成式;一般式和完成式中又分别有主动形式及被动形式。详见下表:

  主动形式

  被动形式

  一般式

  doing

  being done

  完成式

  having done

  having been done

  2. -ing分词的意义

  (1) -ing分词所表示的动作常与谓语动词的动作同时发生。如:

  He used to stand there thinking. 他过去常站在那儿思考。

  They held activities celebrating their culture. 他们举行活动来庆祝他们的文化。

  (2) -ing分词若在suggest, insist等动词后或作结果状语时,表示的动作常发生在谓语动词的动作之后;

  He suggested us practicing English every day. 他建议我们每天练习英语。

  He insists on going with us together. 他坚持要跟我们一起去。

  Her mother went away alone, leaving her crying there. 她母亲一个人走了,让她一个人在那儿哭。

  (3) -ing分词若在forget, regret, remember等动词后或作时间状语时,表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。如:

  Can you still remember living there? 你还能记得在那里的生活情况吗?

  I don’t regret helping him, though he is unkind to us. 尽管她对我们不友好,我对帮助他还是不后悔。

  (4) -ing分词若在介词before, after之后,动作的先后依介词before, after的意义而定。如:

  I often read some newspaper before getting to sleep. 我在入睡前常要看一看报纸。

  (5) -ing分词表泛指意义的动作或状态时,没有时间意义。如:

  Keeping on doing morning exercises is a good habit. 坚持做早操是一种好的习惯。

  (6) -ing分词的完成式表示所发生的动作在谓语动词的动作之前。如:

  Not having received her answer, he decided to write to her again. 由于没有收到她的回信,他决定再给她写封信(from www.yygrammar.com)。

  (7) -ing分词的主动形式,表明逻辑主语所发出的动作;-ing分词的被动形式表明逻辑主语是动作的承受者。如:

  Seeing from the top of the mountain, you will find the town very beautiful. 你从山顶上看,就会发现这座城市很美。

  Seen from the top of the mountain, the town looks beautiful. 从山顶上看去,这座城市看起来很美。

  (8) -ing分词的否定式是在-ing分词前面加否定词not。如:

  Not knowing what to do, he went to ask the teacher for help. 由于不知道该怎么做,他去请求老师的帮助。

  Not having made it clear, he went to ask the teacher about it again. 由于他没有弄明白,他又去向老师询问这件事。




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