标题: 初三英语| 人教版九年级上册各单元语法知识点汇总,期末考试复习必备! [打印本页] 作者: 网站工作室 时间: 2021-12-13 04:01 标题: 初三英语| 人教版九年级上册各单元语法知识点汇总,期末考试复习必备! Unit 1:How can we become good learners?
第一单元的语法重点是:"by+V-ing”结构详解;提建议的句式。
by+V-ing
★“by+V-ing”结构在句子中作方式状语,常用来表示“以、靠、借助、通过、用(某种方法或手段)”而达到某种预期的目的。该结构常用来回答 How do you...? 之类的问题。
★ 当 by 和表示交通工具的名词连用时,它与名词之间不用任何限定词,且名词用单数形式。
They often go to school by subway. 他们经常坐地铁上学。
★ by,in 和 with 都可以表示“通过;借助”。by 后接表示动作、行为的名词;in 表示“用某种语言;用某种材料”;with 后接表示物体或工具的名词。如:
You may send the book by post. 你可以通过邮局把书寄出去。
提建议句式
①What/how about +doing sth.?
如:What/ How about going shopping?
②Why don't you +do sth.?
如:Why don't you go shopping?
③Why not +do sth.?
如:Why not go shopping?
④Let's +do sth.
如:Let's go shopping
⑤Shall we/I+ do sth.?
如:Shall we/ I go shopping?
Unit 2:I think that mooncakes are delicious!
第二单元的语法重点是:宾语从句;反义疑问句;表达“花费”。
宾语从句
that,if 和 whatever 引导的宾语从句:
★ 宾语从句中连接词的选择
1. 由 that 引导的宾语从句:that 在从句中无词义,不作任何成分,常可省略。如:
Jenny said (that) she could finish her painting before supper.
I think (that) you are right.
2. 由 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句:if 或 whether 引导宾语从句时,一般可通用,都表示“是否”。如:
I don't know if / whether she still works there.
I want to know if / whether there is a hospital in this street.
但在下列情况下,只能用 whether,而不能用 if:
(1)在 whether ... or not 或 whether or not 结构中,不能用 if。如:
Nobody knows whether or not it will rain.
(2)在介词之后用 whether。如:
I'm interested in whether he likes English.
★ 主从句时态的呼应
当主句是一般现在时态时,从句可用各种时态;
当主句是一般过去时态时,从句常用过去的某种时态。
但当从句叙述的是客观事实或一般真理时,即使主句为过去时,宾语从句仍然用一般现在时态。如:
He said he would spend his holiday in Dalian.
Our geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east.
直击中考
【四川乐山】30.-Thank you for telling me so much knowledge about nature.
-Don't mention it. _____ you have more questions,come to me any time.
A.If
B.Because
C.Though
反义疑问句
①肯定陈述句+否定提问。如:
Lily is a student isn't she?
Lily will go to China,won't she?
②否定陈述句+肯定提问。如:
She doesn't come from China,does she?
You haven't finished homework,have you?
③提问部分用代词而不用名词如:
Lily is a student,isn't she?
④陈述句中含有否定意义的词
如:little,few,never,nothing,hard 等,其反意疑问句用肯定式。
如:He knows little English,does he?他一点也不懂英语,不是吗?
表达“花费”
1.spend 动词,表示“花费金钱、时间"
①spend...on sth.在某事上花费(金钱、时间)
②spend...doing sth.花费(金钱、时间)去做某事
如:
He spends too much time on clothes.他花费太多的时间在衣着上。(花金钱)
He spend 3 months building the bridge.他花费了三个月去建这座桥。(花时间)
2. pay 的基本用法是:
① pay(sb.)money for sth. 花费钱(给某人)买。
② pay for sth. 付……的钱。
③ pay for sb. 替某人付钱。
④ pay sb. 付钱给某人。
⑤ pay money back. 还钱。
⑥ pay off one's money. 还清钱。
如:
① I pay 10 yuan for the book. 我花了 10 元买这本书。
② I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。
③ Don't wory! I'll pay for you. 别担心,我会给你付钱的。
④ They pay us every month. 他们每月给我们报酬。
3. take 后面常跟双宾语,常见用法有以下几种:
① It takes sb.+时间+to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。
② doing sth.takes sb.+时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。
如:
① It took them three years to build this road.他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。
② Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon.他花了一下午修车。
4.cost 的主语是物或某种活动,还可以表示”值”,常见用法如下:
① sth. costs(sb.)+金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。
② (doing)sth.costs(sb).时间,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。
注意:cost 的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。
如:
① A new computer costs a lot of money.一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。
② Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。
直击中考
1.【湖南长沙】Tom spent 200 yuan ______ this book.
A.in B.on
C.for D.with
2.【广东深圳】It ______ me two days to finish the work.
A.took B.cost
C.spent D.paid
3.【天津】34.I ______ some of my free time playing basketball for my school team.
A.spend B.cost
C.take D.pay
4.【四川宜宾】24.I ______ $300 for the bike.
A.took B.spent
C.cost D.paid
作者: 网站工作室 时间: 2021-12-13 04:02
Unit 3:Could you please tell me
where the restrooms are?
第三单元的语法重点是:宾语从句;语态;倒装句;程度副词。
宾语从句
连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句。
1. 由连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which 等引导,不能省略。例如:
1.【绵阳市】20.I can never forget the stories ______ my grandma told me.
A.what
B.who
C.them
D.that
2.【浙江嘉兴】21.Most students like the teachers ______ understand them well.
A.who
B.when
C.what
D.which
Unit 10:You 're supposed to shake hands.
第十单元的语法重点是:be supposed to;be expected to;It is + adj. + 动词不定式;so…that…。
be supposed to
be supposed to 意为“被期望或要求……”,其中 to 是动词不定式符号,其后要跟动词原形,be 有人称和时态的变化,其否定形式要在 be 后加 not。
当 be supposed to 的主语是“人”时,意为“应该……”,它可以用来表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等,相当于情态动词 should,如:
You are supposed to stop smoking. 你应该停止吸烟。
当 be supposed to 的主语是“物”时,表示“本应;本该”,用于表示“某事本应该发生而没有发生”,如:
The new law is supposed to prevent crime. 新法令本该起到预防犯罪的作用。
be expected to
be expected to 意为“被期望……”,表示一种可能性。其中 to 是动词不定式符号,其后要跟动词原形,be有人称和时态的变化,其否定形式要在 be 后加 not,如:
They are expected to finish the work today. 预期他们今天会完成工作。
It is + adj. + 动词不定式
“It is + adj. + (for sb +)动词不定式”意为“做某事(对某人来说)……”。动词不定式作主语时,常用 it 作形式主语,而将真正的主语放在句末,如:
It is important for us to help each other. 互相帮助对我们来说很重要。
so…that…
★ so…that… 如此...以致于,引导结果状语从句,so 后面接形容词、副词。
★ so that 作“为了”时,引导目的状语从句,从句常出现情态动词,作结果状语从句时,从句中一般不用情态动词。
如:
She got up early so that she could catch the bus.
为了能赶上车,她起得很早。(目的状语从句)
She was so sad that she couldn't say a word.
她悲伤得一句话也说不出来。(结果状语从句)
Unit 11:Sad movies make me cry.
第十一单元的语法重点是:使役动词 make 的用法;在复合句中作主句的宾语。
使役动词 make
make 作使役动词时,意为“使、让”。具体用法如下:
★ make + sb / sth+ 形容词,意为“使某人或某物……”,其中形容词作宾语补足语。例如:
Soft music makes me sleepy. 轻柔的音乐让我想睡觉。
What he said made the teacher very angry. 他说的话让老师很生气。
★ make + sb / sth+ 动词原形,意为“使某人或某物……”,此处的动词原形是省略 to 的动词不定式,也作宾语补足语。例如:
That man made me think of my dear grandfather. 那位老人让我想起了我亲爱的爷爷。
Bad environment makes people want to leave the city. 糟糕的环境让人们想离开城市。
★ 使役动词 make 后跟省略 to 的动词不定式,变为被动语态时,须加上 to。例如:
The teacher made me repeat the story.
→ I was made to repeat the story by the teacher.
宾语从句
由 连接词+主语+谓语 构成,常由下面的一些连接词引导:
★ 由 that 引导表示陈述意义 that 可省略。如:
He says (that) he is at home.他说他在家里。
★ 由 if,whether 引导表示一般疑问意义(带有是否、己否、对否等)。如:
I don't know if /whether Wei Hua likes fish.我不知道韦华是否喜欢鱼。
★ 由连接代词、连接副词(疑问词)引导表示特殊疑问意义。如:
Do you know what he wants to buy?你知道他想要买什么吗?
★ 从句时态要与主句一致,当主句是一般现在时,从句根据情况使用任何时态。如:
He says (that ) he is at home.他说他在家里。
I don't know (that) she is singing now.我不知道她正在唱歌。
直击中考
【2018四川成都】37.-How beautiful your skirt is!Could you please tell me ______?
-Thanks.I bought it on Taobao.
A.where you bought it
B.when you bought it
C.why you bought it
Unit 12:Life is full of the unexpected.
第十二单元的语法重点是:过去完成时。
过去完成时
【例句】
① She had seen ten films by last Friday. 到上周五为止,她已经看了十部电影了。
② By the end of last October, she had collected 400 stamps. 到去年十月末,她已经收集了 400 枚邮票了。
③ By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I had already cooked dinner. 我父母昨天到家时,我已经做晚饭了。
④ Before Rebecca came to China in 2014, she had taught English in Korea for two years. 丽贝卡在 2014 年来中国之前,已经在韩国教了两年英语了。
⑤ When we arrived at the cinema, the film had already begun. 当我们到电影院的时候,电影已经开始了。
【寻找“窍门”】
通过上面的句子,发现了什么规律?快来总结一下吧!
图片
直击中考
【2011陕西】1.Some students in Shanghai ______ e-bags for several months.
A.have
B.have had
C.had
D.will have
Unit 13:We're trying to save the earth!
第十三单元的语法重点是:总结现在进行时,现在完成时、被动语态。
现在进行时
表示现阶段或现在正在进行的动作。常与 now,these days 等时间状语连用。另外,句中有 look,listen 等词暗示时,常用现在进行时。
现在进行时谓语构成:is/am/are + 动词的现在分词。
现在完成时
表示过去已经发生或完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果;还可表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在,也许还要持续下去的动作或状态。常与 already,yet,before,so far,in the last three years,recently,“for + 时间段”,“since+ 时间点”等连用。
现在完成时构成:have / has + 动词的过去分词。
直击中考
【福建泉州】1.-Dad,I ______ the station for minutes,but nobody came to meet me.
-Don't worry.I'll go to meet you soon.
A.arrived at
B.have been at
C.will reach
被动语态
当没有或没必要指出动作的执行者或需要强调动作的承受者时,一般用被动语态。
被动语态谓语构成:be + 动词的过去分词。
Unit 14:I remember meeting
all of you in Grade 7.
第十四单元的语法重点是:一般过去时;宾语从句;be going to。
一般过去时
He managed to get to the top of the Himalayas after trying several times.
在尝试了几次之后,他设法到达了喜马拉雅山山顶。
She borrowed some books from the library yesterday afternoon.
她昨天下午从图书馆借了几本书。
She went to Beijing last week.
他上周去了北京。
直击中考
【2018绵阳】-Don't you see the sign "No Parking!" on the right?
-Sorry,I ______ .But now I know parking here is not right.
A.don't
B.didn't
C.hadn't
D.doesn't
宾语从句
I can't remember where I first met her.
我不记得我第一次见到她是在哪里。
We haven't decided if/whether we will buy a new table.
我们还没决定是否买一张新桌子。
The English teacher told us (that) we would have a test next week.
英语老师告诉我们下周要进行考试。
be going to
He is going to write a letter tonight.
他打算今晚写一封信。
There is going to be a football game on Saturday afternoon.