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标题: 人教版英语八年下学期 Unit6考点重点知识点作文整理 [打印本页]

作者: 网站工作室 时间: 2021-3-8 15:02
标题: 人教版英语八年下学期 Unit6考点重点知识点作文整理
一.一般过去时：

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(一)概念：用来表示过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态以及过去习惯性、反复性的动作。

(二)时间状语：

一般过去时的判断标志词yesterday,the day before yesterday, last+时间,thismorning, 时间+ago,just now, a moment ago.

(三)句式结构：

一般过去时的结构

be动词的一般过去时

在没有行为动词的句子中使用be动词，am/is的过去式为was,are 的过去式为were

肯定句：主语+be(was/were)+其他。

否定句：主语+be(was/were)+not+其他。

一般疑问句：Be(was/were)+主语+其他?

注：在这种构成中,be动词有人称和数的变化,即要根据主语选用was/were。

be动词分为单数和复数,was是表示单数,were是表示复数。

2.行为动词的一般过去时态

肯定句要使用动词的过去式,否定句和疑问句要使用助动do和does的过去式did。

肯定句：主语+动词(过去式)+其他。

否定句：主语+didn’t+动词(原形)+其他。(didnot = didn’t)

一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词(原形)+其他？(do,does的过去式均为did)

注：(1)did和didn’t是构成一般过去时的助动词,其特点是要在其后跟动词的原形。

(2)行为动词do的一般过去时

例如：Ido my homework every day. (用yesterday改写句子)

--I did my homeworkyesterday.

--I didn’t do myhomework yesterday.(否定句)

--Did you do your homeworkyesterday? (一般疑问句)Yes,I did. /No, I didn’t.

3.情态动词的一般过去时态

注意：含有情态动词的一般过去时与含有be动词的一般过去时,十分相似,请注意观察。

肯定句：主语+情态动词+其他。

否定句：主语+情态动词+not +其他。

一般疑问句：情态动词+主语+其他？

注：情态动词的过去式：can—could,may—might, must—must, will—would, shall—should

特殊疑问句

疑问词+be过去式+主语+其他？

疑问词+情态动词过去式+主语+动词原形+其他？

疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？

Why was he late for schoollast Monday?

What could she do twenty yearsago?

(四)动词过去式的变化规则

1.规则动词的变化规则

(1)直接加-ed：work—worked,look—looked, play—played

(2)以字母e结尾的单词,直接加-d：live—lived,hope—hoped, use—used

(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的单词,变y为i加-ed：study—studied,carry—carried

(4)以元音字母+y结尾的单词,直接加-ed：enjoy—enjoyed

(5)以重读闭音节结尾的单词,双写最后的辅音字母加-ed：stop—stopped,plan—planned

2.不规则动词变化看书后表

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作者: 网站工作室 时间: 2021-3-8 15:03
二.状语从句：
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用一个句子(从句)来做另一个句子(主句)的状语,用作状语的句子就叫做状语从句。作什么样的状语就叫什么类型的状语从句.例如：条件状语从句就是用一个句子来做条件状语。

1.不同连词的用法。until,before, after, as soon as, when, while, if, unless…

first ofall, secondly, then, later, finally

2.让步状语从句的用法。although,though

**形容词的用法：

形容词用来描写或修饰名词或代词,说明人或事物的特征或性质,形容词往往被译成“…的”。用法如下：

作定语This is an old house.

作表语 I am sorry to hear that.

作宾语补足语 She made her mother angry.

形容词在句中的位置

形容词作定语修饰名词时,放在名词前面。修饰不定代词时,要放在不定代词之后。

She is a clever girl.

I saw something white in thewater.

某些形容词前加定冠词the,可以代表一类人或东西,可以用作主语、宾语等。做主语时,当复数看待。

The old are well looked after.

We all love the beautiful.

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三．重点短语,知识点：
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(P41)1.try to do sth. 设法,努力做某事 (强调付出努力设法去完成)

trydoing sth. 尝试做某事 (不一定付出很大努力)

   tryone’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事

   tryon 试穿 tryout  试验

2. move the mountains  移山

3.tell the/a story  讲故事

(1)tell “告诉,对…说”vt. tell the truth 说真话 tell alie 说谎 tell thetime 报时

tell sb. sth.= tell sth. tosb. 告诉某人某事  tellsb. about sth.告诉某人关于某事

tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事  Mymother tells me to buy some fruit.

(2)say “讲,说”强调说话的内容 Say itin Chinese, please. 请用汉语说。

He says that he saw the manyesterday.他说昨天我看见这个人了。

say +说话内容  say tosb. 对某人说  It issaid that…据说

It is said that he could stayunder the water for a long time. 据说他能呆在水里很长时间。

(3)speakvt. “说,讲”宾语常是某种语言 speakFrench 说法语

speak +语言 speak tosb. May I speak to Tom?

(4)talk vi.“讲,谈论,谈话”talk to/with sb. about sth.

talk about / of 谈论… talk to/with 和…交谈

give a talk  作报告 have atalk 听报告 (talkn.报告)

They are taking about thefilm. 他们正谈论这部电影。

The teacher is talking withMike.老师正和迈克谈话。

4. thejourney to sp. ......之旅

5.shoot the suns 射日 shoot 过去式 shot

shoot sth 射… shoot at... 向…射击  shootsth. at sb./ sth. 向某人/某物射击某物

shoot down 击落,驳倒,否决  shootfor 争取,为…而努力

6.once upon a time从前 =long,long ago  =a long time ago

7.Sth. happen to sb.  某事发生在某人身上

8.all the earth and stone 所有的土壤和石头

9. begin – began – begun v.开始 beginning n.开始 at thebeginning of 在…开始

begin to do sth./ doing sth.开始做某事 tobegin with= at first 首先,起初

10.What happened?  发生什么事了？

(P42)11. workon doing sth. 致力于做某事

12.be good at...=do wellin…=be strong in…  擅长…

be weak in…=be poor at… 在某方面弱，不擅长…

week  adj. 虚弱的，无力的

I still feel a bit week aftermy illness.  病后我仍觉得有点虚弱。

the week 意为“弱者”在英语中，有些形容词前加定冠词表一类人或事物。其意义为复数。做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

the old 老人 theyoung 年轻人 therich 富人 thepoor 穷人

The rich should help the poor. 富人应该帮助穷人。

13.continue to do sth.= go on to do sth. 继续做某事(前后不是同一件事)

continue doing sth.= go ondoing sth. 继续做某事(前后做同一件事)

14.as soon as ... 一……就…....

引导的时间状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来

I will tell him the news assoon as he comes back.

主句用一般过去时，从句用一般过去时。

He took out his English bookas soon as he sat down.

15.so…that意为“如此…以至于…”引导结果状语从句。

(1)主语+谓语+so+adj./adv.+that从句Hewas so angry that he couldn’t say a word.

(2)so +adj. + a/an +单数名词+that从句

It was so hot a day that theyall went swimming.

(3)so + many/ few +复数名词+that从句

He has so few friends that heoftern feels lonely.

(4)so +much/ little +不可数名词+that从句

I had so little money that Icouldn’t buy a pen.

16.somoved  如此感动

take …away 把…带走

17.remind意为“提醒，使想起”，及物动词=makesb. remember

(1)remind sb.+ that从句/what从句提醒…

She reminds us that we shouldprotect the environment.她提醒我们应该保护环境。

(2)remind sb. of/about sth.  使某人想起某物(过去发生过的事)

He reminded me of my bestfriend. 他让我想起了我最好的朋友。

He reminded me of answeringthe letter. 他提醒我已经回过这封信了。

(3)remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事(没发生)

He reminded me to answerthe letter. 他提醒我回这封信。

18.make sth. happen 使某事发生

19.Whatdo you think about…? = What do you think of …? = How do youlike…?

你认为…怎么样？

(1)think about “考虑,思考”代词放后面 I thinkabout it and call you back soon.

(2)think over“仔细思考”代词放中间

I have to think it overcarefully before I make a decision.

(3)think of “想起”I can’tthink of his name right now.

20.agood way to do sth.做某事的一个好方法

21.solvehis problem  解决他的问题 solve  v. 解决 solution  n. 解决的办法

solve 常与problem搭配,表示“解决问题”,且问题难度大。

Can you help me solve theproblem?你能解决这个难题吗？

answer 常与question搭配,表示“回答问题”,问题难度小。

It’s your turn to answer myquestion.轮到你回答问题了。

22.a little bit 有点儿后跟形容词或副词(表程度更弱)=alittle = kind of

a bit of 一点…修饰不可数名词 =alittle not a bit 一点都不=not atall

This is a little bit difficultfor me.这对我来说有点难。

23. It doesn’t seem verypossible to do sth. 似乎做某事不是很可能的

it 是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式

seem possible  似乎是可能的

seem 意为“似乎，好像”

(1)主语+seem+（tobe）+表语，表语多为名词或形容词

(2)主语+seem+不定式，seem与不定式一起构成复合谓语

(3)It seemsthat/it…从句，其中it为形式主语，that引导主语从句

24. work hard  努力工作 keepdoing sth. 坚持做某事

25. giveup 放弃 giveup doing sth.  放弃做某事

26.instead of 代替;反而  insteadof doing sth. 代替做某事

instead of是介词短语，意为“代替，而不是…”后接名词，代词，动名词。

27.build a road  修路

28.have different opinions about sth. 关于某事有不同的观点

(P43)29.be able to 能;会 be ableto do sth.  能做某事

30.a new TV program called …  一部新的叫做…的电视节目

called 被称为,叫做=named=with the name of

for the first time  第一次

31.the main character主要人物；主人公

traditional Chinese book传统中国书籍

32.make 72 changes  72变

33.turn...into... 使......变成......相当于 change…into…

Joan is turning into a skilledmusician.  琼正在变成一个技艺精湛的音乐家。

Please turn this into English.请把这个译成英语。

turn on  打开  turnoff 关闭 turnup  调大  turndown  调小、

turn to  翻到 Pleaseturn to Page 10.

It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事了。

34.hide sth. from sb. 把某物藏起来不让某人发现

hide—hid—hidden

fight bad people  与坏人打仗

30.at other times 在另外一些时候  “平时，有事，在其他时候”

Sometimes we went to the beachand at other times we went to climb the mountains.

我们有时候去海滩，有时去爬山。

At other times he doesn’thave to get up at all.  平时他根本不必起来。

35.be excited about … 对…感到兴奋

36.come out (书、电影等)出版

a. 出版Thatmagazine comes out every Monday.  那本杂志每周一出版。

b. 出来，出现The starscome out as soon as it was dark.  天一黑星星就出来了。

c. 传出，真相大白The truthhas come out at last.  最后真相大白了。

37.Western  adj. 西方的无比较级 westerner  n. 西方人

Western children  西方的孩子们

west n.  西方    western由名词west+ 形容词后缀-earn构成

In some Western countries,Christmas Day is the most important festival.

在一些西方国家，圣诞节是最重要的节日。

38.become/beinterested in... 对……感兴趣后接名词，代词，动名词

Would you be interested ingoing sightseeing? 你有兴趣去旅游观光吗？

39.keepdoing sth.  一直做某事  keep –kept – kept  v.留住,保持

(1)keep + adj. 使保持…keephealthy = stay healthy = keep in good health 保持健康

keep quiet= be quiet 保持安静

(2)keep sb. doing sth.使某人一直做某事

(3)keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事

(4)keep away from ….  远离…

(5)be keep on doing sth./ todo sth.  喜爱/渴望做某事

(6)keep out  挡住,使进不去

(7)keep sth. for sb. 为某人保留某物

break open  裂开

(P44)40.walk to the other side走到另一边去

do all the chores 做所有的家务

have no time to do sth.没有时间做某事

make a dress for the party 为参加聚会做衣服

41.fall in love with ... 爱上…喜欢上…

fit  v.适合 fitsb. 适合某人 keepfit = keep healthy 保持健康

fit for  适于，适合 =be suitable for…

My long experience fits mefor the job. 我长期的经验使我能适应这一工作。

smile  v.微笑 n.微笑，笑容 smileat sb. 向某人微笑

couple n.夫妻，两人，两件事物 acouple of …一对，一双

the couple 夫妻二人(复数人称)Theyoung couple are quarreling with each other.

42.can’t stop doing sth. = can’t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事，忍不住做某事

43.marry vt./vi. “结婚,嫁,娶,与…结婚”marriage n. married adj.

(1)get married = be married结婚

A and B get married = A and Bare married    A 和Ｂ结婚

(2)marry sb.嫁给某人，与某人结婚　　ＡmarryB A 与Ｂ结婚

(3)get married to sb.= bemarried to sb. 与某人结婚

(4)marry sb.(A) to sb.(B)把女儿A嫁个某人B，为儿子A娶媳妇B

44.the Monkey King  猴王

use sth. to do sth. 使用某物做某事

all over the world  全世界

unless  conj. 除非引导条件状语从句，主将从现原则。可与if…not进行转换。

He can’t be there on time,unless he gets up at 6 o’clock.

= He can’t be there on timeif he doesn’t get up at 6 o’clock.

(P45)45.silk的用法

名词：丝绸，丝，丝织物

形容词：丝绸的；丝制的

silk与silky

silk就只能指丝织品,silky是指丝绸一样的;柔软光洁的，其他光滑的像丝绸一样可以用silky.

46.gold  n. 金子  Allthat glitters is not gold. 发光的并非都是金子。

adj. 金色的  指真金 Mrs.Smith bought a gold watch.

golden  adj. 似金的，金黄色的  并非真金  Shehas golden hair and blue eyes.

gold 较少用于比喻，而golden常用于比喻，表示珍贵的，幸运的，非常有利的

金鱼应该说  goldfish

47.sound stupid  听起来是愚蠢的

48.cheat sb 欺骗某人a cheat一个骗子

cheatsb. of sth. 或cheatsb. out of sth. “从某人处诈骗某物”；不可说cheatsth. of sb.

cheat也作“作弊”解  cheatat…在某方面作弊 feelcheated 感觉不公平,被骗

cheatsb. into sth./ doing sth. 骗某人…Hecheated her into believing him.

49.make special clothes for sb.为某人做特别的衣服 makesth. for sb.= make sb. sth.

(P46)50.a fairy tale 一个神话故事

an old, traditional story一个古老传统的故事

the rest of the story 故事的其余部分

51.live with sb. 和某人居住在一起

near the forest 在森林旁边

52.so…that… 如此……以致于……若从句是否定句时，可用too…to…替换。

The girl is so young that shecan’t go to school.

=The girl is too young to goto school.这女孩年龄太小，不能上学。

(1)在so…that…中，so用于句首，句子要用倒装语序。

(2)在此短语中，若修饰的形容词后有名词时，要用such代替so。

He was such a foolish man thatnobody loved him.

=He was so foolish a man thatnobody loved him. 他是这么笨的人以致没有人喜欢他。

53.leave sb. to do sth.  留下让某人做某事

54.make a plan todo sth. 筹划/计划做某事

make a plan for sth. 为了某事而制定计划

plan to do sth. = plan ondoing sth. 计划做某事

55.the whole family 全家

  all可以修饰各类名词，且限定词要放在all之后，whole只能修饰具有整体意义的单数名词，且限定词要房子whole之前，如果名词前没有限定词，不能用whole.

All thestudents went to the park. 所有的学生都去公园了。

The whole city is very clean.整个城市都很干净。

56.hear sb. doing sth.听见某人正在做某事(正在进行)

hear sb. do sth.听见某人做了某事(过程)

be heard to do sth.被听到做某事

57.in the moonlight  在月光下

go to sleep  去睡觉

along the way  沿途

shine bright 明亮的照耀着  shine--- shone v.发光,照耀

(P47)58.pieces of bread 面包片

on the ground 在地上

59.find one’ s way home 找到某人回家的路

find one’s way out 找到某人出去的路

60.get lost = be lost迷路

61. leadsb. to sp. 把某人领到某地lead sb.to do sth. 带领某人做某事

lead—led—led lead to 导致 leader  n. 领导者，领袖

The teachers lead us tostudy hard.老师引导我们努力学习。

The road leads to the park.这条路通向公园。

62. that wonderful house madeof bread  那个由面包制成的完美的房子

be made of … 由…制成(能看出原材料)

be made from .. 由…制成(看不出原材料)

be made into … 制成…成品

be made in sp. 在某地制成

be made by sb. 被某人制成

63. voice 多指人说话,唱歌,鸟的叫声

noise  n. --- noisy  adj.指不悦耳的吵闹声,如吵杂声,噪音等

make a noise  制造噪音

sound  n.泛指人听到的任何声音 v.听起来

64.be brave enough to do sth.足够勇敢做某事

65. changeone’s plan 改变某人的计划

66.tell sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事

(P48)67.send sb. to sp. 把某人送到某地  send—sent—sent v.发送

send off 寄出 send out 分发  sendfor  派人去请

send away 赶走  send up 发射

send sb. sth. =send sth. tosb. 送给某人某物

68.the next day 第二天

69.so touching that …  这么令人同情以至于… touch v.触摸

70.get over  克服

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